A comparative analysis of insertional effects in genetically engineered plants: considerations for pre-market assessments

Schnell, Jaimie; Steele, M. William; Bean, Jordan; Neuspiel, Margaret; Girard, Cécile; Dormann, Nataliya; Pearson, Cindy; Savoie, Annie; Bourbonnière, Luc; Macdonald, Phil

doi:10.1007/s11248-014-9843-7

Cited by 121 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…The transgenic plant generally developed by the insertion of a modified T-DNA sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens or other vector DNA sequences into the genome, which may potentially disrupt the function of native genes and can create rearrangements at the site of insertion. In some instances, somaclonal variation, and pleiotropy may be responsible for unintended effects of transgenic plant (Schnell et al, 2015). Therefore, molecular assessment of transgenic plant as well as agronomic studies is essential for biosafety assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Regulation of Carotenoid-Enriched Golden Rice Line

et al. 2016

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Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is the leading cause of blindness among children and is associated with high risk of maternal mortality. In order to enhance the bioavailability of vitamin A, high carotenoid transgenic golden rice has been developed by manipulating enzymes, such as phytoene synthase (psy) and phytoene desaturase (crtI). In this study, proteome and metabolite analyses were carried out to comprehend metabolic regulation and adaptation of transgenic golden rice after the manipulation of endosperm specific carotenoid pathways. The main alteration was observed in carbohydrate metabolism pathways of the transgenic seeds. The 2D based proteomic studies demonstrated that carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, such as pullulanase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, were primarily up-regulated in transgenic rice seeds. In addition, the enzyme PPDK was also elevated in transgenic seeds thus enhancing pyruvate biosynthesis, which is the precursor in the carotenoids biosynthetic pathway. GC-MS based metabolite profiling demonstrated an increase in the levels of glyceric acid, fructo-furanose, and galactose, while decrease in galactonic acid and gentiobiose in the transgenic rice compared to WT. It is noteworthy to mention that the carotenoid content, especially β-carotene level in transgenic rice (4.3 μg/g) was significantly enhanced. The present study highlights the metabolic adaptation process of a transgenic golden rice line (homozygous T4 progeny of SKBR-244) after enhancing carotenoid biosynthesis. The presented information would be helpful in the development of crops enriched in carotenoids by expressing metabolic flux of pyruvate biosynthesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Regulation of Carotenoid-Enriched Golden Rice Line

et al. 2016

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“…Genetic engineering, commonly referred to as genetic modification, is an additional tool that affords plant breeders new sources of characteristics, such as genes that confer abiotic or biotic stress tolerance, with many of these genes not available in the crop's genome (Prigge and Melchinger, 2012;Weber et al, 2012;Prado et al, 2014;Schnell et al, 2015). After a genetically modified (GM) line containing the desired DNA insert is chosen, the DNA insert is introduced (via backcrossing) into well-characterized, conventionally bred elite varieties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes

et al. 2017

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Commercial‐scale plant breeding is a complex process in which new crop varieties are continuously being developed to improve yield and agronomic performance over current varieties. A wide array of naturally occurring genetic changes are sources of new characteristics available to plant breeders. During conventional plant breeding, genetic material is exchanged that has the potential to beneficially or adversely affect plant characteristics. For this reason, commercial‐scale breeders have implemented extensive plant selection practices to identify the top‐performing candidates with the desired characteristics while minimizing the advancement of unintended changes. Selection practices in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding involve phenotypic assessments of thousands of candidate lines throughout hundreds of different environmental conditions over many years. Desirable characteristics can also be introduced through genetic modification. For genetically modified (GM) crops, molecular analysis is used to select transformed plants with a single copy of an intact DNA insert and without disruption of endogenous genes. All the while, GM crops go through the same extensive phenotypic characterization as conventionally bred crops. Data from both conventional and GM maize breeding programs are presented to show the similarities between these two processes.

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“…In addition to important role of transposon in genome structure and gene functions, information about this issue is still at beginning level (Schnell et al, 2015). In this study, effects of transformation in GM rice on transposon movements were investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Oryza sativa L. for Hpt Gene and Evaluation of Hpt Positive Samples Using Houba Retransposon-Based IRAP Markers

Yüzbaşioğlu¹,

Marakli²,

Gözükırmızı³

2017

Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi

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Abstract:Increasing world population needs to enhance agricultural production because of food starvation. Genetically modified organism (GMO) is a way to solve this problem. During gene transfers, DNA is inserted into a plant's genome in a random way. This produces spontaneous genetic changes with movement of transposable elements, and even increases variations. Houba was described as one of the active retrotransposons in rice. The aim of this study was to screen rice samples collected from Turkey, and analyse Houba retrotransposon movements with IRAP technique in transgenic ones and their controls. For this purpose, 71 different rice seeds obtained from different regions of Turkey were used for GMO analysis. All samples were screened by real time PCR to test cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (P-35S) regions, T-NOS (nopaline synthase terminator) regions, figwort mosaic virus (FMV) regions, bar, pat and Cry1ab/ac, and hpt (hygromycin resistance) genes. Hpt gene was identified in 6 samples as a result of real time PCR analysis. These 6 transgenic samples with their controls were used for IRAP-PCR analysis and 0-56% polymorphism ratios were observed in analysed samples. This study is one of the first detailed experimental data of transgenic Oryza sativa L. samples in terms of retrotransposon-based variation.

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A comparative analysis of insertional effects in genetically engineered plants: considerations for pre-market assessments

Cited by 121 publications

References 137 publications

Metabolic Regulation of Carotenoid-Enriched Golden Rice Line

Metabolic Regulation of Carotenoid-Enriched Golden Rice Line

Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes

Screening of Oryza sativa L. for Hpt Gene and Evaluation of Hpt Positive Samples Using Houba Retransposon-Based IRAP Markers

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