A Comparative Cytogenetic Analysis between the Grasshopper Species Chromacris nuptialis and C. speciosa (Romaleidae): Constitutive Heterochromatin Variability and rDNA Sites

Loreto, Vilma; Stadtler, Eva; Melo, Natoniel Franklin de; Souza, Maria José de

doi:10.1007/s10709-005-0368-0

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Data may be most plentiful for the Acrididae family [10,15,16,24]. The 18S rDNA clusters are restricted to a single medium-sized autosomal pair in C. nuptialis , C. speciosa , and X. robustus , corroborating previous studies from Loreto et al [23] and Souza et al [22], which suggests that it may be the ancestral bearer of 18S rDNA. This hypothesis is supported by the data from X. d. angulatus, another Romaleidae grasshopper, which showed the 18S rDNA gene in a medium-sized pair [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In grasshoppers, the rDNA is sometimes located in constitutive heterochromatin (CH) regions, so a possible rDNA spread mechanism may be associated with CH spread. Previous studies have reported an amplification and dispersion of CH in eight species from six genera ( Brasilacris , Chromacris , Phaeoparia , Radacridium , Xestotrachelus , and Xyleus ) from the Romaleidae family [21,23,25-27]. On the other hand, when data from the 10 ribosomal sites found in B. gigas , C. nuptialis , C. speciosa , and X. robustus are correlated with information from previous studies [22,25] related to the CH pattern, the results indicate four ribosomal sites in CH regions and six ribosomal sites outside CH regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) data are scarce; a few species have been studied in Romaleidae, but there are no data regarding 5S rDNA and H3 histone genes in this group. The 45S rDNA was mapped using FISH in four Romaleidae species: Chromacris nuptialis , C. speciosa , Xestotrachelus robustus , and Xyleus discoideus angulatus [21-23]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosomal evolution of rDNA and H3 histone genes in representative Romaleidae grasshoppers from northeast Brazil

2013

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BackgroundGrasshoppers from the Romaleidae family are well distributed in the Neotropical Region and represent a diversified and multicolored group in which the karyotype is conserved. Few studies have been conducted to understand the evolutionary dynamics of multigene families. Here, we report the chromosomal locations of the 18S and 5S rDNA and H3 histone multigene families in four grasshopper species from the Romaleidae family, revealed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).ResultsThe 5S rDNA gene was located in one or two chromosome pairs, depending on the species, and was found in a basal distribution pattern. Its chromosomal location was highly conserved among these species. The 18S rDNA was located in a single medium-sized chromosomal pair in all species analyzed. Its chromosomal location was near the centromere in the proximal or pericentromeric regions. The location of the H3 histone gene was highly conserved, with slight chromosomal location differences among some species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a megameric chromosome carrying both the chromosomal markers 18S rDNA and the H3 histone genes, thereby expanding our understanding of such chromosomes.ConclusionsThe 5S and 18S rDNA genes and the H3 histone genes showed a conservative pattern in the species that we analyzed. A basal distribution pattern for 5S rDNA was observed with a location on the fourth chromosomal pair, and it was identified as the possible ancestral bearer. The 18S rDNA and H3 histone genes were restricted to a single pair of chromosomes, representing an ancestral pattern. Our results reinforce the known taxonomic relationships between Chromacris and Xestotrachelus, which are two close genera.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosomal evolution of rDNA and H3 histone genes in representative Romaleidae grasshoppers from northeast Brazil

2013

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“…These karyotypes are similar to those reported for most species of Romaleidae (Mesa et al 1982, Souza and Kido 1995, Loreto et al 2005). However, in Xestotrachelus robustus (Bruner, 1911), pairs S 9 and S 10 are meta- or submetacentric and originated by pericentric inversion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Spreading of heterochromatin and karyotype differentiation in two Tropidacris Scudder, 1869 species (Orthoptera, Romaleidae)

Rocha¹,

Pine²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

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Tropidacris Scudder, 1869 is a genus widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region where speciation was probably promoted by forest reduction during the glacial and interglacial periods. There are no cytogenetic studies of Tropidacris, and information allowing inference or confirmation of the evolutionary events involved in speciation within the group is insufficient. In this paper, we used cytogenetic markers in two species, Tropidacris collaris (Stoll, 1813) and Tropidacris cristata grandis (Thunberg, 1824), collected in different Brazilian biomes. Both species exhibited 2n=24,XX for females and 2n=23,X0 for males. All chromosomes were acrocentric. There were some differences in the karyotype macrostructure, e.g. in the chromosome size. A wide interspecific variation in the chromosome banding (C-banding and CMA3/DAPI staining) indicated strong differences in the distribution of repetitive DNA sequences. Specifically, Tropidacris cristata grandis had a higher number of bands in relation to Tropidacris collaris. FISH with 18S rDNA revealed two markings coinciding with the NORs in both species. However, two analyzed samples of Tropidacris collaris revealed a heterozygous condition for the rDNA site of S10 pair. In Tropidacris collaris, the histone H3 genes were distributed on three chromosome pairs, whereas in Tropidacris cristata grandis, these genes were observed on 14 autosomes and on the X chromosome, always in terminal regions. Our results demonstrate that, although the chromosome number and morphology are conserved in the genus, Tropidacris cristata grandis substantially differs from Tropidacris collaris in terms of the distribution of repetitive sequences. The devastation and fragmentation of the Brazilian rainforest may have led to isolation between these species, and the spreading of these repetitive sequences could contribute to speciation within the genus.

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“…There are three patterns of distribution of GC-rich blocks in grasshoppers: (i) CMA 3 + bands related to NORs location (Souza et al 1998, Loreto and Souza 2000, Rocha et al 2012); (ii) CMA 3 + in all chromosomes (Souza et al 1998, Pereira and Souza 2000); and, (iii) GC-rich blocks in some chromosomes (Loreto and Souza 2000, Souza et al 2003, Loreto et al 2005, Souza and Melo 2007, Rocha et al 2012). AT-rich heterochromatin is rarely encountered in Acrididae, as is the case Arcyptera fusca (Pallas, 1773), A. tornosi Bolívar, 1884 (Bella and Gosálvez 1991) and Dociostaurus genei (Ocskay, 1832) (Rodríguez Iñigo et al 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome mapping in Abracris flavolineata (De Geer, 1773) (Orthoptera) from the Iguaçu National Park – Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil

Pine¹,

Gallo²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

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In this paper, we present the cytomolecular analysis of a population of Abracris flavolineata collected in the largest fragment of the Brazilian Atlantic forest, the Iguaçu National Park. The diploid number in males was 23 (22+X0), with two large pairs (1–2), 7 medium (3–9), 2 small (10–11) and the X chromosome of medium size. Heterochromatic blocks were evident in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. Heterogeneity in the distribution of heterochromatin was observed, with a predominance of DAPI+ blocks. However, some chromosomes showed CMA3+ blocks and other DAPI+/CMA3+ blocks. The 18S rDNA sites were distributed on the short arms of 5 pairs. In two of these pairs, such sites were in the same chromosome bearing 5S rDNA, and one of the bivalents, they were co-located. Histone H3 genes were found on one bivalent. The results added to the existing cytogenetic studies provided evidence of great karyotypic plasticity in the species. This pliancy may be the result of vicariant events related to the geographical distribution of different populations of A. flavolineata.

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A Comparative Cytogenetic Analysis between the Grasshopper Species Chromacris nuptialis and C. speciosa (Romaleidae): Constitutive Heterochromatin Variability and rDNA Sites

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Chromosomal evolution of rDNA and H3 histone genes in representative Romaleidae grasshoppers from northeast Brazil

Chromosomal evolution of rDNA and H3 histone genes in representative Romaleidae grasshoppers from northeast Brazil

Spreading of heterochromatin and karyotype differentiation in two Tropidacris Scudder, 1869 species (Orthoptera, Romaleidae)

Chromosome mapping in Abracris flavolineata (De Geer, 1773) (Orthoptera) from the Iguaçu National Park – Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil

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