A comparative evaluation of chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of oil palm fiber/pineapple fiber reinforced phenolic hybrid composites

Abstract

In this paper, oil palm fiber (OPF) and pineapple fiber (PALF) reinforced biophenolic resin (BPHR) composites and hybrid composites were fabricated by hand lay-up technique. Structural, thermal and mechanical properties of pure and hybrid composites analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and universal testing machine. Achieved results indicated that OPF/PALF hybrid composites show better properties as compared with pure composites. It was observed that the tensile and flexural characterizations improved with incorporating OPF and PALF fibers into BPHR composites in comparison to the neat BPHR matrix. The results of the thermal stability obtained from TGA tests showed that the reinforcement of pure fiber composites (OPF and PALF) and hybrid composites (OPF/PALF) in BPHR matrix were improved in comparison to that of neat BPHR matrix. The final decomposition temperature of 50% OPF and 3OPF/7PALF was the highest among all other composites (415.80 and 415.42 C). On the other hand, the residual amount of hybrid composite (1OPF/1PALF) was (24.43%), while the lowest residual amount exhibited in pure composite (50% PALF), which was 20.08%. The reinforcement of pure composite and hybrid composites into BPHR also improved the storage and loss moduli; however, the pure composite sample (50% OPF) exhibited a more significant increase than other composites loadings. Furthermore, the damping factor was reduced significantly by the reinforcement of hybrid composites over pure composites. This study showed that obtained hybrid composites are suitable to apply in various structural and nonstructural applications.

A comparative assessment of chemical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of treated oil palm/pineapple fiber/bio phenolic composites

“…TGA is a consistent method utilized to investigate the thermal stability and the degradation profile of polymeric materials. [ 40–42 ] The thermal stability is evaluated by TGA in terms of the initial degradation temperature (T i ), the final degradation temperature (T f ), the maximum temperature (From DTG curves), and the residue at the final decomposition temperature. Figure 3 shows a comparison of TGA curves of untreated and treated pure composites.…”

“…TGA is a consistent method utilized to investigate the thermal stability and the degradation profile of polymeric materials. [40][41][42] The thermal stability is evaluated by TGA in terms of the initial degradation temperature (T i ), F I G U R E 2 FTIR spectra of treated and untreated fiber composites. FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy the final degradation temperature (T f ), the maximum temperature (From DTG curves), and the residue at the final decomposition temperature.…”

Processing, Characterization of Furcraea foetida (FF) Fiber and Investigation of Physical/Mechanical Properties of FF/Epoxy Composite

“…The addition of FF fiber volume from 10 to 30% improved the σ f of the composite by 44.98%. The composite prepared by Jawaid et al, 2021 [ 60 ], Mohanavel et al, 2021 [ 110 ], Jumaidin et al, 2021 [ 111 ], Devireddy et al, 2021 [ 112 ] and Ajith et al, 2014 [ 113 ], showed comparable flexural strength to that of FF/E composites.…”

“…Few natural fibers show mechanical properties comparable with that of glass fibers [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. The thermomechanical properties of natural composites are being enhanced by developing hybrid composites to suit the requirements of various applications [ 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Overview of the Important Factors Influencing the Performance of Eco-Friendly Brake Pads

“…Apart from their low cost and light weight, natural fiber reinforced composites are getting more attention because they are renewable, low energy consumption, and biodegradable. Aside from these benefits, increasing environmental concerns and rising petroleum consumption levels are driving the entire world to use more sustainable natural resources such as natural fibers [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Therefore, natural fibers are rising as reinforcing fibers for composite materials in the automotive, furniture, packaging, and construction industries due to these advantages [ 6 ].…”