A comparative study of amoxicillin, clindamycin and chlorhexidine in the prevention of post-extraction bacteraemia : cardiovascular topic

Maharaj, B; Coovadia, Yacoob; Vayej, Ahmed C

doi:10.5830/cvja-2012-049

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although most attention has been focused on antibiotic prophylaxis, there is evidence that antiseptic mouthwashes such as chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine used prior to certain periodontal procedures may reduce the prevalence of bacteraemia [58]. Maharaj B [59] found that there were none of the significant treatments prevented post-extraction bacteraemia and confirmed earlier reports that bacteraemia was not completely eliminated by antibiotics. Recently, studies have showed that there is no obvious increase in the incidence of infective endocarditis cases or deaths in the two years after the guideline was introduced about the cessation prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis.…”

Section: Maharajmentioning

confidence: 57%

Is a Potential Therapeutic Strategy of Periodontal Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease, Yes or No?

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Xu³

et al. 2017

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Aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and periodontitis are both chronic inflammatory disorders which are highly prevalent in populations. Bacteria involved in the periodontal disease have been found to be cardiovascular risk markers. Periodontal pathogens may contribute to the atheroma pathogenesis. Severe periodontitis is correlated with the prevalence of bacteraemia, and poor periodontal status is an important risk factor for CVD. However, the association is unclear. If the association is causal, the periodontal therapy will lead to an attenuation of the effects on CVD. The study aimed to study if the periodontal intervention therapy presented therapeutic effects on CVD. Methods: English language literature on periodontal intervention therapy on CVD is causal or not. The literature revealed 62 papers associated with this study to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and CVD. Results: The literature supported the idea that periodontal infections had been associated with CVD. Certain periodontal therapy is associated with bacteraemia, and the prevalence of bacteraemia may arise from periodontal therapy and poor oral hygiene practices. Periodontal therapy not only presented therapeutic effects by reducing cytokine activity and C-response protein (CRP), but also caused bacteraemia transitorily. Effective antibiotic prophylaxis pre-or post-periodontal therapy presented some beneficial effects on bacteraemia or CVD. Conclusion: Severe periodontitis causes systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, and goes beyond the oral cavity. Periodontal intervention would contribute to the prevention of atherosclerosis, and antibiotic prophylaxis would be helpful to decrease bacteraemia and reduce the onset of CVD.

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Section: Maharajmentioning

confidence: 57%

Is a Potential Therapeutic Strategy of Periodontal Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease, Yes or No?

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Xu³

et al. 2017

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“…4,10,12,13,[19][20][21] Según Baltch (1988), la bacteremia que se observa 5 minutos después de la inducción bacteriana presenta una incidencia bacteriémica de 58 a 76% sin uso de antibióticos, en comparación con 14 a 16% con la profilaxis con antibióticos, y a los 30 minutos una incidencia de 26 a 51% frente al 3-9% reportados por Hall (1993), de tal manera, que la bacteremia transitoria post procedimiento no se elimina completamente por los antibióticos. 2,20,22 Hasta ahora no hay datos que demuestren que reducir la duración o la frecuencia de la bacteremia después de cualquier procedimiento médico conlleve menos riesgo de endocarditis infecciosa relacionada con la intervención. De manera similar, no hay evidencia suficiente de estudios que respalde la necesidad de la profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa.…”

Section: Justificación De La Profilaxis Antimicrobianaunclassified

Profilaxis antimicrobiana previa a procedimientos dentales. Situación actual y nuevas perspectivas

2017

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La bacteremia secundaria a los procedimientos dentales puede dar origen a episodios de endocarditis infecciosa. La implementación de la profilaxis antimicrobiana tiene como finalidad aminorar la bacteremia transitoria reduciendo la posibilidad de desarrollar endocarditis infecciosa, por lo que es indispensable conocer qué antibióticos son de elección y en qué casos o situaciones administrarlos u omitirlos. Existen múltiples guías para aplicar profilaxis antimicrobiana, éstas difieren en sus recomendaciones, a tal grado que pueden confundir al facultativo al momento de determinar si el paciente requiere antibiótico profiláctico y a elegir el antimicrobiano adecuado. OBJETIVO: comparar las diferentes guías de profilaxis antimicrobiana y recomendaciones para converger en una recopilación única con las aportaciones destacadas de cada guía revisada; de la misma manera, exponer el régimen utilizado en nuestra institución por el servicio de estomatología. CONCLUSIÓN: el estomatólogo se puede basar principalmente en las guías de la American Heart Association (AHA) y el Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud (CENETEC) para condiciones cardiacas que ameriten profilaxis antimicrobiana, y para pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas sobre la guía de la American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) y las recomendaciones de nuestra institución. La administración de profilaxis antimicrobiana se da por razones científicas consolidadas y por carácter de tipo médico-legal, en un futuro se espera establecer criterios para aumentar los métodos no antibióticos preventivos de endocarditis infecciosa y aminorar el uso de antimicrobianos, reduciendo el uso de antibiótico profiláctico, sin exponer al paciente a infecciones diseminadas y con mínimos efectos secundarios posibles.

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“…However, their usefulness in reducing postoperative infections in third molar surgery has often been overlooked, probably due to the limited number of studies which have been carried out to assess their efficacy. [10][11][12] Against this background, the current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics and a chlorhexidine mouthwash in preventing postoperative infections following removal of mandibular third molar teeth. Furthermore, an attempt was made to generate a pool of data not only in the demographics and distribution patterns of patients presenting with impacted third molar teeth but also in treatment outcomes after extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacted mandibular third molars: the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics and chlorhexidine mouthwash in preventing postoperative infections

Gopee¹,

Rikhotso

2017

S. Afr. dent. j.

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Introduction: There are dissenting opinions regarding the efficacy of prophylactic antimicrobial agents in third molar surgery. Objective: To determine: 1) The efficacy of a prophylactic antibiotic regimen compared with a chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing postoperative infections in mandibular third molar surgery. 2) The pattern of presentation and the indications for extraction of mandibular third molars. Design: 100 surgical patients were randomly assigned to two groups (group 1: 15 ml of chlorhexidine rinse for one minute preoperatively. group 2: 2g amoxicillin orally one hour preoperatively). Methods: Postoperative complications and surgical site infections were assessed seven days postoperatively. The patients' age, gender, type of impaction and indications for extraction were also recorded. Data was analyzed using the statistical package STATA 13.1. results: The infection rate was 8% and 6% for groups 1 and 2 respectively. No statistically significant difference in surgical wound infection was found between the two groups. Mesioangular impaction was the most common type of impaction, and pericoronitis was the most prevalent indication for extraction. conclusion: Amoxicillin and chlorhexidine prophylaxis are equally effective in reducing postoperative infections in third molar surgery. Hence, antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for routine administration in non-immunocompromised patients for such procedures.

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A comparative study of amoxicillin, clindamycin and chlorhexidine in the prevention of post-extraction bacteraemia : cardiovascular topic

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Is a Potential Therapeutic Strategy of Periodontal Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease, Yes or No?

Is a Potential Therapeutic Strategy of Periodontal Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease, Yes or No?

Profilaxis antimicrobiana previa a procedimientos dentales. Situación actual y nuevas perspectivas

Impacted mandibular third molars: the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics and chlorhexidine mouthwash in preventing postoperative infections

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