A comparative study of profile of infections in diabetic and non-diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder and its association with an increased propensity of infection has in general, been well recognized. Clinical data on the association of diabetes mellitus with common infections are virtually lacking, not conclusive and often biased. Aims & Objective:The present study was done to determine profile of various infections with their etiological agents and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Materials and Methods:A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in India. The study included 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic patients with suspected infections and samples were processed for culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The analysis was done using the software Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) 15.0. Results: Infections encountered in diabetics were urinary tract infection (UTI) (32%), skin and soft tissue infection (12%), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (8%), septicemia (3%) and ascites (1%) whereas prevalence of various infections in non-diabetic patients were UTI (13%), skin and soft tissue infection (19%), LRTI (10%), septicemia (2%), acute appendicitis (1%) and enteric fever (1%). Among various infections, prevalence of urinary tract infection was significantly higher in diabetics (32%) than nondiabetics (13%) (P value = 0.001). Resistance to fluoroquinolones among urinary isolates of E.coli was significantly higher (89.5%) in diabetic patients compared to (50%) in non-diabetic patients (P value = 0.02). Conclusion: Prevalence of UTI was significantly higher in diabetics than non-diabetics where E.coli was the predominant pathogen in both the group of patients. Fluoroquinolones resistance was more common in diabetic than non -diabetics. We would like to recommend restriction of empirical use of fluoroquinolones in diabetic patients. Carbapenem, Amikacin, Piperacillin-tazobactum and Nitrofurantoin still has acceptable sensitivity against uropathogenic E. coli in both the group of patients and can still be used in treatment failure.

Higher prevalence of ESBL producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Diabetic patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu

“…E. coli was the predominant pathogen involved with 71.86% in diabetic patients and 67.2% in non-diabetic patients followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae i.e. 15.63% in diabetic patients and 14.80% in non-diabetic patients which was in accordance to a study by Jankhwala et al [35]. Bonadia et al, 2006 found that E. coli constituted 32.5% and 31.4% followed by Enterococcus spp.…”

“…34.5% in diabetic patients and 26.7% in non-diabetic patients was found in the study conducted in the Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital [34]. Similarly, another study found the prevalence of UTI in diabetic and non-diabetic patients to be 32% and 13% respectively [35]. Mubarak et al, 2012 reported higher prevalence of UTI among diabetic patients [36].…”

“…The close proximity of the vaginal and anal opening in the female and the absence of the prostatic uid which has the bactericidal property in the female may make them more susceptible to the UTIs [29,31]. The patients of age group (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) showed the highest signi cant growth i.e. 44.49% which was similar to the study by Yadav The overall prevalence of UTI was 32.29% in diabetic patients and 15.97% in non-diabetic patients.…”

Implications of Diabetes Mellitus on Minor Oral Surgical Procedures - A Questionnaire Survey Among Undergraduate Student Practitioners

“…There are various studies that have provided information regarding implications and management of diabetes in a dental setup (S and Choudhury, 2012;Vesterinen et al, 2012;Jankhwala, Singh and nayak, 2014). but there needs an in-depth understanding and focus towards this aspect among student practitioners as they have a comparatively lesser experience in treating such patients.…”

Comparative bateriological profile with antibiotic resistance pattern among diabetic and non-diabetic patients

“…This condition brings in recurrence of infection which further results in more comorbid conditions. 4 Once an infection has developed in diabetic patients, it is difficult to treat because of impairment in microvascular circulation that limits phagocytic cell action and curtails the reach of antibiotics to the infected sites. 5 Early diagnosis of diabetic wound infection is required for the antimicrobial therapy.…”