A comparative study of the influence of malignant tumor on host metabolism in mice and man.Evaluation of an experimental model

Lundholm, Kent; Edström, Staffan; Ekman, L.; Karlberg, Ingvar; Bylund, Ann‐Christin; Scherstén, T

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197808)42:2<453::aid-cncr2820420212>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 109 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Comparable results were previously reported and explained (Lundholm et al, 1978(Lundholm et al, , 1979Bengtsson and Andersson, 1981;and Ternell et al, 1985). The significant decreases in the levels of hepatic total protein, RNA and DNA in response to IAA treatment are in accordance with the findings of Glazer and Weber (1971), who reported a significant reduction in the total protein, RNA and DNA synthesis of newborn rat brain cortex slices after the addition of IAA due to one site of action for IAA on DNA synthesis, which may involve some processes concerned with the formation of DNA precursors, such as the sulfhydryl-sensitive ribonucleotide reductase complex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antitumor Activities of Iodoacetate and Dimethylsulphoxide Against Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma Growth in Mice

Fahim

Esmat²,

Mady³

et al. 2003

Biol. Res.

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Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with LD 12.5 values of iodoacetate; IAA (1.84 mg/100g b.w.) and/or dimethylsulphoxide; DMSO (350 mg/ 100g b.w.) significantly increased the cumulative mean survival time and percentage of survivors and reduced the mean tumor weight, compared to tumor-bearing controls, however, a more pronounced effect is recorded in the combined treatment. Also, an increase in the life span (ILS%) and tumor growth inhibition ratio (T/C%) are reported and amounted to 145.78 and 43.80%, 195.54 and 61.30% and 220.77 and 78.40% in IAA, DMSO and combined-treated groups, respectively. Results obtained from biochemical studies reveal that a single IAA treatment of tumor-bearing mice significantly increased the levels of plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, while it also significantly decreased the levels of plasma glucose and liver total protein, RNA and DNA, compared to normal controls. On the other hand, a single DMSO treatment significantly elevated the activities of blood antioxidant enzymes, i.e. glutathione peroxidase (GP x ) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and decreased the liver RNA and DNA levels. Combined treatment increased significantly the levels of plasma LDH and erythrocytes G6PDH activities, as well as liver glycogen, and in contrast it decreased the levels of liver total protein, RNA and DNA, compared to normal controls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antitumor Activities of Iodoacetate and Dimethylsulphoxide Against Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma Growth in Mice

Fahim

Esmat²,

Mady³

et al. 2003

Biol. Res.

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“…The tumour tissue was implanted subcutaneously in the flank by a trocar. This tumour does not metastasise when implanted subcutaneously and its influence on the host has been reported elsewhere (Edstrom et al, 1985;Lundholm et al, 1978;Lundholm et al, 1980). Whole body energy expenditure is increased in these tumour-bearing mice accounting for decreased food intake, but body temperature is normal .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 67%

Energetics of nutrition and polyamine-related tumour growth alterations in experimental cancer

Westin

Soussi²,

Idström³

et al. 1993

Br J Cancer

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Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate whether food intake modulates experimental tumour growth by acute alterations in the energy state and blood flow of the tumour, and if so whether such changes are related to alterations in the enzyme ornithinedecarboxylase (ODC) and DNA synthesis. Inbred mice (C57BL/ J) bearing a syngeneic undifferentiated and rapidly growing tumour were used. The tumour levels of high energy phosphates were measured in vivo by 31-P-NMR spectroscopy and biochemically following tissue extraction. DNA synthesis was estimated by measuring the incorporation of bromodeoxy-uridine into tumour DNA. Difluoro-methylornithine (DFMO) was used to inhibit ODC-activity. Tumour

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“…45 These observations agree with our results in preclinical studies indicating retention of visceral proteins in tumor-bearing hosts. 46 A lesser surprise was our finding that body fat declined in all body compartments along with disease progression. However, this observation should be considered along with the fact that overall caloric intake was maintained or even increased in the same patients (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Body composition and time course changes in regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in unselected cancer patients on palliative care—Correlations with food intake, metabolism, exercise capacity, and hormones

Fouladiun

Körner

Bosæus

et al. 2005

Cancer

268

200

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BACKGROUNDSeveral investigations that yielded different results in terms of net changes in body composition of weight‐losing cancer patients have been reported that employed a variety of methods based on fundamentally different technology. Most of those reports were cross‐sectional, whereas to the authors' knowledge there is sparse information available on longitudinal follow‐up measurements in relation to other independent methods for the assessment of metabolism and performance.METHODSFor the current report, the authors evaluated time course changes in body composition (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry) with measurements of whole body and regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in relation to food and dietary intake, host metabolism (indirect calorimetry), maximum exercise capacity (walking test), and circulating hormones in cancer patients who were receiving palliative care during 4–62 months of follow‐up. The entire cohort comprised 311 patients, ages 68 years ± 3 years who were diagnosed with solid gastrointestinal tumors (84 colorectal tumors, 74 pancreatic tumors, 73 upper gastrointestinal tumors, 51 liver‐biliary tumors, 3 breast tumors, 5 melanomas, and 21 other tumor types).RESULTSDecreased body weight was explained by loss of body fat, preferentially from the trunk, followed by leg tissue and arm tissue, respectively. Lean tissue (fat‐free mass) was lost from arm tissue, whereas trunk and leg tissue compartments increased, all concomitant with declines in serum albumin, increased systemic inflammation (C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate), increased serum insulin, and elevated daily caloric intake; whereas serum insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1), resting energy expenditure, and maximum exercise capacity remained unchanged in the same patients. Serum albumin levels (P < 0.001), whole body fat (P < 0.02), and caloric intake (P < 0.001) predicted survival, whereas lean tissue mass did not. Daily intake of fat and carbohydrate was more important for predicting survival than protein intake. Survival also was predicted by serum IGF‐1, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin levels (P < 0.02 – P < 0.001). Serum insulin, leptin, and ghrelin (total) levels predicted body fat (P < 0.001), whereas IGF‐1 and thyroid hormone levels (T3, free T3) predicted lean tissue mass (P < 0.01). Systemic inflammation primarily explained variation in lean tissue and secondarily explained loss in body fat. Depletion of lean arm tissue was related most to short survival compared with the depletion of lean leg and trunk tissue.CONCLUSIONSThe current results demonstrated that body fat was lost more rapidly than lean tissue in progressive cancer cachexia, a phenomenon that was related highly to alterations in the levels of circulating classic hormones and food intake, including both caloric amount and diet composition. The results showed importance in the planning of efficient palliative treatment for cancer patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

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A comparative study of the influence of malignant tumor on host metabolism in mice and man.Evaluation of an experimental model

Cited by 109 publications

References 36 publications

Antitumor Activities of Iodoacetate and Dimethylsulphoxide Against Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma Growth in Mice

Antitumor Activities of Iodoacetate and Dimethylsulphoxide Against Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma Growth in Mice

Energetics of nutrition and polyamine-related tumour growth alterations in experimental cancer

Body composition and time course changes in regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in unselected cancer patients on palliative care—Correlations with food intake, metabolism, exercise capacity, and hormones

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