A comparative study of the morphology of mammalian chordae tendineae of the mitral and tricuspid valves

Hutchison, J E; Rea, Paul

doi:10.1136/vetreco-2015-000150

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The right ventricle of the goat had numerous chordae tendinae than the left ventricle. This finding was in agreement in horses [18], pigs, sheep, cows [19], and goats [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Computed Tomographic, Echocardiographic, Radiographic, and Morphological Anatomy of the Heart in Goats (Capra Hircus).

Abd-Elbasset

Elsayed

Mohamed

et al. 2021

Zagazig Veterinary Journal

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The heart is the most important organ in the cardiovascular system. It pumps oxygen-rich blood all over the body. The imaging techniques are vital to get details for the best description of the structures of the cardiovascular system. Hence, it is considered an important means for diagnosis and clinical application. The current study was performed on five healthy goats of both sexes from native breeds, weighing about 30-35 kg and aging from one to three years. These goats were used as follows: topographical examination, gum milk injection (Latex 60%), computed tomography followed by frozen cross-section technique, thoracic radiograph, and echocardiography respectively. Ten hearts of apparent healthy goats were dissected for describing the heart morphology. The heart of the goat was situated between the 3rd and the 6th ribs in the thoracic cavity. It was hollow muscular cone-shaped with a slightly pointed apex. It had two surfaces, two borders, a base, and an apex. It was divided into four chambers through coronary and longitudinal grooves. The Computed Tomography sections result was compared with the anatomical images. Radiography and echocardiography were figured, identified, and labeled to create a comprehensive guide for experts in anatomy, surgery, and veterinary education. In conclusion, heart dissection generates anatomical knowledge and description. Besides, the modern imaging modalities such as Computed Tomography, echocardiography, and radiograph, provided non-invasive means for the animal anatomy in living animals.

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“…The right ventricle of the goat had numerous chordae tendinae than the left ventricle. This finding was in agreement in horses [18], pigs, sheep, cows [19], and goats [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The right ventricle had a greater number of chordae tendinae than the left ventricle in the horse [18] and pigs, sheep, and cow [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Computed Tomographic, Echocardiographic, Radiographic, and Morphological Anatomy of the Heart in Goats (Capra Hircus).

Abd-Elbasset

Elsayed

Mohamed

et al. 2021

Zagazig Veterinary Journal

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“…The fact that the RAV had a greater mean number of tendinous cords than the LAV confirmed the data previously reported for the horse by Ghoshal, 3 and for the pig, sheep and cow by Hutchison and Rea. 49 Based on these reports, however, it appears that the sheep, pig and cow, with 23, 24 and 25 for the RAV and 15, 20 and 17 cords for the LAV, respectively, 49 have a greater mean number of tendinous cords for both atrioventricular valves when compared with the horse. In addition, the number of tendinous cords was not influenced by the number of accessory leaflets, confirming what Alves et al 29 reported for the dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variability of the atrioventricular valve cusps in the equine heart

Silva

Tagliavia

Galiazzo

et al. 2021

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Background:The morphometric studies of the atrioventricular valves are still limited in the horse.Objectives: To investigate the anatomy of the atrioventricular valves in the horse, focusing on the morphometric features of the valvular leaflets and the tendinous cords.We hypothesised that accessory leaflets occur commonly and exist as independent structures in the atrioventricular valves of the horse. Study design: Descriptive anatomical study.Methods: Twenty normal hearts from slaughtered half-bred horses were used. The cardiac weight and circumference were recorded. The atrioventricular valves were exposed by excision of the atria, and the tricuspid and mitral annular diameters and circumferences were measured; the number of leaflets and tendinous cords for each atrioventricular ostium were then counted. The atrioventricular valves were isolated and the width, height and thickness of each leaflet were measured. Results:In addition to the principal leaflets, accessory leaflets were identified in 39 of 40 cardiac valves, 2 to 6 accessory leaflets for the mitral valve and 1 to 4 for the tricuspid valve. All the accessory leaflets were separated from the adjacent leaflets at their insertion. They were narrower and thinner than the principal leaflets, and were attached to a single papillary muscle; 95% of the accessory leaflets had two tendinous cords shared with the adjacent leaflets while a minority (34%) had their own specific tendinous cord.Main limitations: Lack of signalment data from the study population.Conclusions: Supernumerary leaflets occurred commonly in the atrioventricular valves of the horse and appeared as independent structures. The clinical relevance of increased numbers of commissures that result from accessory leaflets and their relationship with valvular regurgitation are currently unknown.

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“…Bovine hearts are commonly used in cardiac studies due to their similarities with the human heart at a larger scale. 47 The dissection of each heart was performed following the procedure used by Lodder et al, 48 thus to have a better visualization of the left ventricle. First, the right chambers of the heart were taken out, as well as the left atrium.…”

Section: Materials Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ChoRe: A device for trans-catheter chordae tendineae repair

Culmone

Ali

Scali

et al. 2019

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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This work focuses on the design of a new device (called ChoRe) to place artificial chords in the mitral valve structure during a trans-catheter procedure. The aim of the device is to restore the correct functionality of the valve and solve mitral valve regurgitation, that is, a common consequence of chordae tendineae rupture. An analysis of the requirements was carried out and used to design and develop a first functional prototype. The resulting device was able to connect artificial chords at the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve and at the apex of the left ventricle, also allowing the control of the artificial chord length. The ChoRe was tested ex-vivo in bovine hearts. The qualitative assessment of the ChoRe focused on the performance of the device and preliminary evaluation of the procedure time. Results demonstrated that the device is able to create a top and bottom fixation in an average time of 3.45 ± 1.44 min. Future improvements will focus on enhancing the connection at the leaflet, as well as the overall functionality, in order to guarantee better control of the artificial chord length. This work shows future potentials for more patient-specific treatments in trans-catheter scenarios for mitral valve repair.

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A comparative study of the morphology of mammalian chordae tendineae of the mitral and tricuspid valves

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Computed Tomographic, Echocardiographic, Radiographic, and Morphological Anatomy of the Heart in Goats (Capra Hircus).

Computed Tomographic, Echocardiographic, Radiographic, and Morphological Anatomy of the Heart in Goats (Capra Hircus).

Morphological variability of the atrioventricular valve cusps in the equine heart

ChoRe: A device for trans-catheter chordae tendineae repair

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