A Comparative Study of Thyroid Gland in Some Mammals

Abstract

BACKGROUND Goitre or swelling of thyroid gland is very common in NorthEast region and is encountered frequently in clinical practice. Goitre is a compensatory hypertrophy of thyroid gland and it has been recognised for centuries even back to the times of Ebers Papyrus (1500 BC) (LE McDonald.) The thyroid is the largest endocrine gland present in all mammals. In some disease conditions, an individual has to undergo a complete thyroidectomy and live on thyroid supplements for life. Is there a possibility of xenograft and xenotransplant? With this view a comparative study of the thyroid gland was under taken in the Dept. of Anatomy, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati. The main purpose of the study was to see if thyroid gland of human was in any way similar to thyroid gland of other mammals. Xenograft and Xenotransplantation are the latest research studies going on these days. By these techniques, tissues and organs of one species can be transplanted or grafted into another species. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study of thyroid gland was conducted in Dept. of Anatomy, Gauhati Medical College. The various species included for studies were of human, pig and goat. They were divided into three groups I, II, and III. The specimen of human was collected from morgue of Gauhati Medical College. The specimen of pig and goat were collected from College of Veterinary Sciences, Gauhati. In all animals, the size, shape, length, breadth, thickness was recorded. RESULT The length, breadth, thickness of thyroid gland in group I, II and III were taken with the help of Vernier callipers. Weight was measured with the help of electronic weighing machine. The results were statistically analysed. DISCUSSION The findings of this study were compared with the findings of work done by other authors previously. CONCLUSION In this study, it was observed that biometrical values were different in all the mammals but morphological characters were almost similar.

​Comparative Gross Anatomical and Biometrical Studies on Thyroid Gland of Buffalo, Sheep and Goat

“…Similar findings have been reported earlier by Jain et al (1984) in buffalo, Bhardwaj et al (2006) in sheep and goat; Joshi (2016) and Menaka et al (2019) in goat. W hereas, Maala and Reynoso (1997) recorded the thickness of lateral lobes as 9-12 mm in Philippine carabao and Doley and Chakravorty (2016) recorded thickness of left lobe as 0.41 cm in goat.…”

“…Similar findings have been reported by Jain et al (1984) in buffalo and Bhardwaj et al (2006) in goat and sheep and Comparative Gross Anatomical and Biometrical Studies on Thyroid Gland of Buffalo, Sheep and Goat Choudhary and Doley (2017) and Dar et al (2018) in goat. Whereas, Doley and Chakravorty (2016) recorded average length of right lobe as 1.46 cm, Joshi (2016) measured length of right lobe as 3.08±0.054 cm and Menaka et al (2019) recorded length of right lobe as 22.19±0.42 mm in goat. There was significant difference in length of right lobe (p<0.01) in buffalo than sheep and goat but no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between sheep and goat.…”

“…Similar findings have been reported by Jain et al (1984) in buffalo, Bhardwaj et al (2006) in sheep and goat and Joshi (2016) and Menaka et al (2019) in goat. Doley and Chakravorty (2016) recorded thickness of right lobe as 0.42 cm in goat.There was significant difference in thickness of left and right lobe (p<0.001) among buffalo, sheep and goat (Table 1).…”

“…Similar findings were reported by Jain et al (1984) in buffalo and Menaka et al (2019) in goat. Doley and Chakravorty (2016) recorded the average weight of gland as 6.93g in goat. There was significant difference in weight of gland (p<0.001) in buffalo than sheep and goat but no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between sheep and goat.…”

“…Thyroid gland varies greatly in different mammals. The gland consists of two separate lobes connected by an isthmus (Doley and Chakravorty, 2016). The thyroid gland is the primary endocrine organ responsible for the regulation of metabolism and plays an important role in growth and reproduction (Hulbert andAugee 1982 andCapen 2007).…”