A comparative study on the compatibility of liquid lead–gold eutectic and liquid lead–bismuth eutectic with T91 and SS 316LN steels

Dai, Yong; Gao, Wenli; Zhang, T.; Platacis, E.; Heinitz, S.; Thomsen, K.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.04.015

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…21 Recently, both martensite T91 (body-centered cubic, bcc) and austenite SS316 (face-centered cubic, fcc) steels are corroded more severely in LGE than in LBE from PSI (the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland) under identical conditions, including temperature, velocity and corrosion duration. Some components in the SS316 are dissolved significantly in LGE, such as Cr, Ni and Mn, 22 which is also observed in ref. 23-25. These experimental results indicate that both liquid metals and material components play important roles in dissolution corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…This indicates that the dissolution corrosion in LBE is slightly more severe than in LGE, which conflicts with experimental observations from PSI. 22 The conflict may be attributed to the fact that the observed corrosion is a mixture of oxidation and dissolution. The oxidation, such as magnetite and Fe-Cr spinel, may prevent Bi penetration, while allows Pb penetration from experimental observation.…”

Section: Dissolution Corrosion Capabilities Of Liquid Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

Song

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Using first principles calculations, dissolution corrosion of liquid metals on iron surfaces has been investigated by calculating adsorption energies of metal atoms in the liquid phase on the surface and escape energies of surface Fe atoms. The adsorption energies, characterizing the stability of the adsorbed atoms on the investigated surfaces, show that Bi is more stable than Pb and Au. The escape energies, representing the energy required for an Fe atom to escape from the surface, show that adsorbed Pb makes surface Fe atoms escape more easily than Bi and Au. The combination of adsorption energy and escape energy indicates that the corrosion capabilities of liquid metals decrease in the order Bi > Pb > Au. This is further proved by the investigation of surface properties, such as inter-layer distance, magnetic momentum and charge density difference. The results are consistent with experimental results that Fe can be corroded more severely in Bi than in Pb. In the case of liquid alloys, chemical proportions of compositions are incorporated to evaluate the corrosion capabilities of Pb-Bi eutectic (LBE) and Pb-Au eutectic (LGE). It is found that LBE has more severe corrosion capability than LGE. The energetic calculation is further developed in evaluating the effect of alloying elements in popular steels on the dissolution corrosion. The results indicate that Si, V, Nb and Mo may mitigate the dissolution corrosion of martensite steels in liquid Pb, Bi and Au.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Dissolution Corrosion Capabilities Of Liquid Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

Song

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…% to 2 wt. % had occurred at the surface of the specimen throughout a penetration layer of 10-40 μm [12]. Since the loops were operated isothermally, a similar depletion can be expected for the inner tubing surfaces of the whole LGE loop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…side the material test sections. The retrieved samples were finally analysed by SEM, the results of these investigations are reported elsewhere [12]. At the end of both test campaigns, samples of the two eutectics with masses ranging from 1 to 5 g were taken and transferred to PSI for chemical analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corrosive behaviour during these runs was investigated by applying two different methods. Analysis of steel specimens inserted in both loops was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in [12]. In the paper at hand, we report the concentrations of dissolution products present within both liquid metals after the two campaigns, measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison between the chemical behaviour of lead-gold and lead-bismuth eutectics towards 316L stainless steel

et al. 2013

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Summary Lead-gold eutectic (LGE) has been recently proposed as an alternative target material for high power spallation sources. In order to compare the corrosive properties of LGE to the better-studied eutectic of lead-bismuth (LBE), an isothermal twin-loop made of SS 316L was built and operated at the Institute of Physics of the University of Latvia. We have measured the concentration of steel alloying elements dissolved in both alloys at the end of two test campaigns via ICP-OES. In case of LGE, a pronounced concentration increase of Fe, Ni, Mn and Cr is found in the liquid metal, which is significantly higher compared to LBE. Similar results were obtained during complementary investigations on material samples exposed to both alloys in this twin-loop at 400 ◦C and 450 ◦C. These findings indicate that in contact with LGE, SS 316L steel suffers from substantial chemical attack. Detailed investigations using structure materials other than SS 316L have to be undertaken before qualifying LGE as a serious alternative to LBE.

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Corrosion of T91 and pure iron in flowing and static Pb-Bi alloy between 450 °C and 540 °C: experiments, modelling and mechanism

et al. 2020

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A comparative study on the compatibility of liquid lead–gold eutectic and liquid lead–bismuth eutectic with T91 and SS 316LN steels

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

A comparison between the chemical behaviour of lead-gold and lead-bismuth eutectics towards 316L stainless steel

Corrosion of T91 and pure iron in flowing and static Pb-Bi alloy between 450 °C and 540 °C: experiments, modelling and mechanism

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A comparative study on the compatibility of liquid lead–gold eutectic and liquid lead–bismuth eutectic with T91 and SS 316LN steels

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

An energetic evaluation of dissolution corrosion capabilities of liquid metals on iron surface

A comparison between the chemical behaviour of lead-gold and lead-bismuth eutectics towards 316L stainless steel

Corrosion of T91 and pure iron in flowing and static Pb-Bi alloy between 450 °C and 540 °C: experiments, modelling and mechanism

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Corrosion of T91 and pure iron in flowing and static Pb-Bi alloy between 450 °C and 540 °C: experiments, modelling and mechanism