A comparative study on the performance of a catalyst system for the desulfurization of two kinds of atmospheric residues, Kuwait Export and Eocene residual oils

Predicted Effects of Heavy Feeds on the Deactivation of a Commercial Atmospheric Residue Desulfurization Catalyst System

“…The temperature had to be increased rapidly throughout most of the test until the EOR. 17 The initial temperature for EOC-AR was higher than that required for KEC-AR, most probably as a result of the higher sulfur content in EOC-AR (5.4 wt %) in comparison with KEC-AR (4.6 wt %). It is also possible that this increase in initial temperature relates to the differences in sulfur compound type and their distribution among various components of the residual oils.…”

“…This is followed by rapid deactivation at EOR, which is presumably because of further coke deposition caused by thermal cracking at high temperatures. 17 Two types of coke can be identified on the catalyst: an easily removable soft coke and a more refractory surface coke. The coke deposited at the SOR is mainly soft coke.…”

“…18,22 According to a previous study, the higher deactivation rate of the catalyst system is attributed to the higher asphaltene content. 17 SARA fractions of the three residues (KEC-AR, KHC-AR, and EOC-AR) are illustrated in Figure 12. The three feeds all have similar distributions.…”

Effect of different heavy feedstocks on the deactivation of a commercial hydrotreating catalyst

“…Some of the most recent contributions are summarized in Table 1 [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10]. The main objectives of these studies have been in general to determine metal tolerance capacity of the catalysts, modeling catalyst deactivation and to study the effect of reaction conditions.…”

Liquid-liquid extraction and adsorption on solid surfaces applied to used lubricant oils recovery

“…The main difficulty in this process is in the hydrogenation step, due to the nature of the heteroatoms (S, O, N), that can form gaseous compounds as well as stable compounds that remain in solution, both potentially pollutant, depending on several factors such as the oil's deterioration state, temperature and catalyst; in addition, metals that are usually present as contaminants can be deposited in the catalysts, deactivating them permanently (Almutairi et al, 2007;Ancheyta et al, 2002). Besides, some studies still indicate the possibility that aromatic compounds present in the used solvents and in the contaminants adsorb concurrently on the catalysts surface, thus inhibiting its action (Rayo et al, 2004).…”