A comparative study on the performance of cementitious composites resilient to airfield conditions

Shill, Sukanta Kumer; Al‐Deen, Safat; Ashraf, Mahmud; Elahi, Manjur A; Subhani, Mahbube; Hutchison, W. D.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122709

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A number of outdoor concrete infrastructures, such as marine structures, protective structures in coastal area, airfield rigid pavements, parking areas, bridge decks, railway sleepers, and sewer infrastructures are often subjected to various aggressive environmental exposures, such as de-icing salts, high humidity, elevated temperatures, chloride ions, hydrogen sulphide gas, and other chemicals [1][2][3][4][5]. Exposure to those harsh conditions significantly reduces the alkalinity of the protective layer of concrete to reinforcing steel that results in substantial damage to the steel rebars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Two-Way Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Basalt and Carbon FRP Rebars

et al. 2022

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Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars are being increasingly used to reinforce concrete structures that require long-term resistance to a corrosive environment. This study presents structural performance of large scale two-way concrete slabs reinforced with FRP rebars, and their performances were compared against conventional steel reinforced concrete. Both carbon FRP (CFRP) and basalt FRP (BFRP) were considered as steel replacement. Experimental results showed that the CFRP- and BFRP-RC slabs had approximately 7% and 4% higher cracking moment capacities than the steel-RC slab, respectively. The BFRP-RC slabs experienced a gradual decrease in the load capacity beyond the peak load, whereas the CFRP-RC slabs underwent a sharp decrease in load capacity, similar to the steel-RC slab. The BFRP-RC slabs demonstrated 1.72 times higher ductility than CFRP-RC slabs. The steel-RC slab was found to be safe against punching shear but failed due to flexural bending moment. The FRP-RC slabs were adequately safe against bending moment but failed due to punching shear. At failure load, the steel rebars were found to be yielded; however, the FRP rebars were not ruptured. FRP-RC slabs experienced a higher number of cracks and higher deflection compared to the steel-RC slab. However, FRP-RC slabs exhibited elastic recovery while unloading. Elastic recovery was not observed in the steel-RC slab. Additionally, the analytical load carrying capacity was validated against experimental values to investigate the efficacy of the current available standards (ACI 318-14 and ACI 440.1R-15) to predict the capacity of a two-way slab reinforced with CFRP or BFRP. The experimental load capacity of the CFRP-RC slabs was found to be approximately 1.20 times higher than the theoretical ultimate load capacity. However, the experimental load capacity of the BFRP-RC slabs was 6% lower than their theoretical ultimate load capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Two-Way Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Basalt and Carbon FRP Rebars

et al. 2022

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“…The concrete samples were repeatedly exposed to high temperatures only and were exposed to the coupled effect of HC fluids and high-temperature cycles simultaneously. As reported [17,19,20], military airfield pavements are often soaked with different aviation oils such as aviation fuel, hydraulic oil, and engine oil. Therefore, in this experiment, jet fuel (F-34 kerosene grade), AeroShell Fluid 31 and AeroShell Turbine Oil 500 were procured and mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio and sprayed on the concrete specimens.…”

Section: Concrete Mixing and Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For FTIR analysis, samples were taken from the top surface up to a depth of 25 mm, which previous researchers reported as the maximum spalling depth [19,25]. A ball mill machine was used to pulverize the collected samples.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Ftir) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When exposed to only high temperatures, the dense microstructure of normal-weight concrete (NWC) prevents moisture from escaping, thus causing cracking in concrete. When exposed to the combined effect, HC fluids trigger strength degradation by forming detrimental salts [18,19,30], and heat causes the formation of cracks; thus, the combined effects of chemicals and high temperatures cause the spalling. Overall, LWAC samples did not suffer significant spalling because of their porous microstructures, as vapour pressure was released immediately when heated.…”

Section: Concrete Spallingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rigid pavements at military airbases face extremely harsh operating conditions [17,18]. In the early 1980s, after the induction of F/A-18 aircraft, rigid pavement has been experiencing rapid pavement surface damage issues worldwide [17,19]. Modern military aircraft's hot exhaust from auxiliary power units (APUs) and aviation oil spills, either in conjunction or separately, affect the performance of the pavement [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance of Concrete with Various Types of Coarse Aggregate to Coupled Effects of Thermal Shocks and Chemicals

Hossain,

Al-Deen,

Shill

et al. 2024

Materials

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Rigid pavements at military airfields experience surface deterioration within 6–18 months of construction. The cause of this degradation is mainly due to combined exposure to repeated heat shocks from jet engine exhaust and spilled aviation oils (hydrocarbons). Surface degradation occurs in the form of disintegration of aggregates and cement paste into small pieces that pose severe risks of physical injury to maintenance crews or damage to an aircraft engine. Since coarse aggregates typically occupy 60–80% of the concrete volume, aggregates’ thermal properties and microstructure should play a crucial role in the degrading mechanism. At high temperatures, concrete with lightweight aggregates is reported to have better performance compared to concrete with normal-weight aggregate. Thus, the present study carried out a detailed investigation of the mechanical and thermal performance of lightweight aggregate concrete exposed to the combined effects of high temperatures and hydrocarbon oils simultaneously. To replicate harsh airfield operating conditions, standard-sized concrete cylinders were exposed to elevated temperatures using an electric oven. Additionally, a mixture of equal parts of aircraft engine oil, hydraulic oil, and kerosene was applied before each exposure to high temperatures. To identify the resistance of different concrete with various lightweight coarse aggregates, pumice, perlite, lytag (sintered fly ash), and crushed brick were used as lightweight coarse aggregates in concrete. Also, basalt aggregate concrete was used as a reference. After curing, cylinders were tested for the ultimate strength. Later, after every 20 cyclic exposures, three cylinders from each aggregate type were tested for residual comprehensive strength, thermal, chemical, and microstructural (SEM) properties. Overall, concrete with crushed brick aggregate and lytag used in this study showed superior resistance to the simulated airfield conditions. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights to select an appropriate coarse aggregate type for military airfield pavement construction, aiming to effectively minimize surface spalling.

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Effects of aircraft operating fluids and environmental thermal fatigue on fly ash and steel slag based cementitious composites

Tangirala,

Rawat,

Lahoti

2024

Sci Rep

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This paper investigates the performance of concrete incorporating high-volume fly ash (HVFA) and steel slag aggregates against the detrimental effects of combined cycles of environmental thermal fatigue and exposure to leaked aircraft fluids. A total of 128 cubes and 90 prisms were cast for five mixes and exposed to 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 combined cycles. The results demonstrate the positive effect of utilization of HVFA which reduces the total amount of portlandite available in the system. The SS aggregates demonstrate a strong interlocking with the surrounding matrix and supply the necessary portlandite for continued pozzolanic reaction. However, their reaction with aircraft fluids causes significant degradation to flexural strength initially, which is redeemed by pozzolanic reaction at a later stage. Hybrid basalt and polypropylene fibres were successful in enhancing the flexural strength and reducing the cracking. The mercury intrusion porosimetry revealed a reduction in pore volume because of HVFA. Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were also employed to uncover the underlying mechanisms of damage and assess the performance of the cementitious composite.

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A comparative study on the performance of cementitious composites resilient to airfield conditions

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Performance of Two-Way Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Basalt and Carbon FRP Rebars

Performance of Two-Way Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Basalt and Carbon FRP Rebars

Resistance of Concrete with Various Types of Coarse Aggregate to Coupled Effects of Thermal Shocks and Chemicals

Effects of aircraft operating fluids and environmental thermal fatigue on fly ash and steel slag based cementitious composites

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