Abstract:Under the present experimental conditions, LIPUS promoted osteoblast differentiation and promoted bone maturity on porous Ti64 scaffolds. No significant differences were noted between the two frequencies.
“…The LIPUS used in our study provided an option for mechanical force loading on the piezoelectric materials that is not yet documented in the literature even though it has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of fresh fractures and existing non-union fractures. The parameters we applied were screened in earlier stages of research and were confirmed through both in vivo and in vitro biological experiments to promote osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells [ [25] , [26] , [27] ]. Those parameters can be changed, allowing tissue-specific physiological demands to be fulfilled.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The sham group was treated likewise with the ultrasound generator turned off. These parameters were selected based on previous findings by our group [ [25] , [26] , [27] ]. Fig.…”
Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research. Barium titanate (BT) is an electroactive material that can generate electrical signals in response to applied mechanical forces. In this study, a BT piezoelectric ceramic coating was synthesized on the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy, forming a BT/TC4 material, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) was then applied as a mechanical stimulus. The combined effects on the biological responses of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated. Results of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction showed that an uniform nanospheres -shaped BT coating was formed on TC4 substrate. Piezoelectric behaviors were observed using piezoelectric force microscopy with the piezoelectric coefficient d
33
of 0.42 pC/N. Electrochemical measures indicated that LIPUS-stimulated BT/TC4 materials could produce a microcurrent of approximately 10 μA/cm
2
.
In vitro
, the greatest osteogenesis (cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation) was found in MC3T3-E1 cells when BT/TC4 was stimulated using LIPUS. Furthermore, the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased in these cells, possibly because opening of the L-type calcium ion channels was promoted and expression of the Ca
V
1.2 protein was increased. Therefore, the piezoelectric BT/TC4 material with LIPUS loading synergistically promoted osteogenesis, rending it a potential treatment for early stage formation of reliable bone-implant contact.
“…The LIPUS used in our study provided an option for mechanical force loading on the piezoelectric materials that is not yet documented in the literature even though it has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of fresh fractures and existing non-union fractures. The parameters we applied were screened in earlier stages of research and were confirmed through both in vivo and in vitro biological experiments to promote osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells [ [25] , [26] , [27] ]. Those parameters can be changed, allowing tissue-specific physiological demands to be fulfilled.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The sham group was treated likewise with the ultrasound generator turned off. These parameters were selected based on previous findings by our group [ [25] , [26] , [27] ]. Fig.…”
Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research. Barium titanate (BT) is an electroactive material that can generate electrical signals in response to applied mechanical forces. In this study, a BT piezoelectric ceramic coating was synthesized on the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy, forming a BT/TC4 material, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) was then applied as a mechanical stimulus. The combined effects on the biological responses of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated. Results of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction showed that an uniform nanospheres -shaped BT coating was formed on TC4 substrate. Piezoelectric behaviors were observed using piezoelectric force microscopy with the piezoelectric coefficient d
33
of 0.42 pC/N. Electrochemical measures indicated that LIPUS-stimulated BT/TC4 materials could produce a microcurrent of approximately 10 μA/cm
2
.
In vitro
, the greatest osteogenesis (cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation) was found in MC3T3-E1 cells when BT/TC4 was stimulated using LIPUS. Furthermore, the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased in these cells, possibly because opening of the L-type calcium ion channels was promoted and expression of the Ca
V
1.2 protein was increased. Therefore, the piezoelectric BT/TC4 material with LIPUS loading synergistically promoted osteogenesis, rending it a potential treatment for early stage formation of reliable bone-implant contact.
“…Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Activity. ALP is an indicator of osteogenic differentiation, bone formation, and matrix mineralization [13]. The activity of ALP was detected to analyze the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on ZSM-5/Ti-2448 and Ti-2448.…”
Section: Cell Proliferation and Cytotoxicitymentioning
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of a Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) coating on a Ti-24 Nb-4 Zr-7.9 Sn (Ti-2448) surface. ZSM-5-modified Ti-2448 (ZSM-5/Ti-2448) and Ti-2448 (control) groups were employed. The physical and chemical properties of the two types of samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, and contact angle methods. The surface of the ZSM-5/Ti-2448 was rougher than that of the original Ti-2448, while the contact angle of the ZSM-5/Ti-2448 was smaller than that of Ti-2448. In addition, the ZSM-5/Ti-2448 largely increased the specific surface area and introduced silanol groups. A bone-like apatite layer could be formed on the surface of ZSM-5/Ti-2448 after 14 days of incubation in a simulated body fluid. ZSM-5/Ti-2448 was not cytotoxic. The number and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblasts on ZSM-5/Ti-2448 were significantly higher than those on Ti-2448 surfaces, obtained in vitro using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and ALP activity assays. Few inflammatory cells were observed around ZSM-5/Ti-2448 after insertion into the femurs of Japanese white rabbits after 4, 12, and 26 weeks through hematoxylin–eosin staining. The average gray scale of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on ZSM-5/Ti-2448 peaked earlier than that on Ti-2448, according to immunohistochemical staining. These results indicate that ZSM-5/Ti-2448 has a good biocompatibility and improved early osteogenic potential compared to a noncoated Ti-2448.
“…Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a nonthermal and noninvasive technique that utilizes physical stimulation by acoustic pulsed energy [3]. This is frequently used for the treatment of fresh fractures or delayed healing of fractures because it shortens the time required for biological wound healing.…”
Purpose: Many studies have shown the ability of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) to stimulate the bone, cartilage and tendon regeneration but only a few studied LIPUS interest in the regeneration of the oral mucosa. The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of LIPUS to stimulate the regeneration of the palatal mucosa in a porcine model. Methods: Ten adults mini-pigs were used. Two mucosal wounds were realised on the left and right side of the palate of each pig. The right side was treated with LIPUS at 1 MHz of frequency and 300 mW/cm2 of acoustic intensity. The left side was not treated. The morphology of the wound was evaluated using a polymer silicone molding. Results: The difference between two sides was significant from day 7 with a p value <0.0001. At day 21, the wound is completely healed on all pigs with LIPUS. The control soft tissue defect exposed a healing of 80%. Conclusions: The present study showed that the use of LIPUS on the oral mucosa accelerates the healing of the masticatory mucosa.
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