A comparison of 2D and 3D shape characterisations of free gold particles in gravity and flash flotation concentrates

McGrath, Teresa; O’Connor, Louisa; Eksteen, Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2015.04.022

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nevertheless, these intuitive descriptors provide more qualitative denotation and might obscure information regarding the original particle shape. Recently, McGrath et al (2015) reported the difficulty in characterizing the 2-D and 3-D shapes of "free gold" particles in a flash flotation by means of circularity and sphericity. These authors concluded that these measurements cannot adequately describe the diverse shapes of irregularly shaped particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

Classification and quantification of pore shapes in sandstone reservoir rocks with 3-D X-ray micro-computed tomography

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Recent years have seen a growing interest in the characterization of the pore morphologies of reservoir rocks and how the spatial organization of pore traits affects the macro behavior of rock-fluid systems. With the availability of 3-D high-resolution imaging, such as x-ray microcomputed tomography (µ-CT), the detailed quantification of particle shapes has been facilitated by progress in computer science. Here, we show how the shapes of irregular rock particles (pores) can be classified and quantified based on binary 3-D images. The methodology requires the measurement of basic 3-D particle descriptors (length, width, and thickness) and a shape classification that involves the similarity of artificial objects, which is based on main pore network detachments and 3-D sample sizes. Two main pore components were identified from the analyzed volumes: pore networks and residual pore ganglia. A watershed algorithm was applied to preserve the pore morphology after separating the main pore networks, which is essential for the pore shape characterization. The results were validated for three sandstones (S 1 , S 2 , and S 3 ) from distinct reservoirs, and most of the pore shapes were found to be plate-and cube-like, ranging from 39.49 to 50.94 % and from 58.80 to 45.18 % when the Feret caliper descriptor was investigated in a 1000 3 voxel volume. Furthermore, this study generalizes a practical way to correlate specific particle shapes, such as rods, blades, cuboids, plates, and cubes to characterize asymmetric particles of any material type with 3-D image analysis.

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confidence: 99%

Classification and quantification of pore shapes in sandstone reservoir rocks with 3-D X-ray micro-computed tomography

et al. 2016

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“…Gravity concentration methods separate dense particles (such as gold) from lighter gangue materials based on their response to the force of gravity and the movement of a viscous fluid, which is generally water [52]. It is one of the simplest and the most economical methods of concentration [53].…”

Section: Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of improving the water management for the informal gold mining in Colombia

Bustamante¹,

Danoucaras²,

McIntyre³

et al. 2016

Rev. Fac. Ing. Antioquia

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Colombia is one of the largest producers of gold in Latin America and it has recently increased its production, especially in the Departments of Antioquia, Chocó, Bolívar and Córdoba, which in 2014 produced 90% of Colombia's gold. Most of this production comes from artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM). Parallel with this boost in production, there is concern about the health of rivers, since many local mines discharge untreated waters and tailings directly to waterways. This situation has awakened awareness in the communities of Colombia. Water is essential to carry out daily activities and for their society and economy. This article review displays three current challenges in Colombia that have been identified with local government, universities, environmental authorities, consultants and mining industry. These challenges are: water pollution; aquifer protection; and changes in natural sedimentation in rivers. Based on previous work done in the region, this paper suggests new research directions to create opportunities for more sustainable practices. In particular, this paper identifies the opportunity to implement a series of practices to manage water and tailings at informal mining sites. The paper also highlights the importance of engaging communities, informal and formal miners, government and researchers in order to create consciousness of the importance of water in Colombia. This is an opportunity to create discussions that help miners to manage water and tailings, adapting these practices to their specific needs and through simple technologies. RESUMEN:Colombia es uno de los mayores productores de oro en América Latina, y recientemente ha aumentado su producción, especialmente en los departamentos de Antioquia, Chocó, Bolívar y Córdoba, los cuales en 2014 tuvieron una participación del 90% en la producción total de oro del país. La mayor parte de esta producción proviene de la Minería Aurífera Artesanal y de Pequeña Escala (ASGM, por sus siglas en ingles). Simultáneamente a este aumento en la producción, existe una preocupación por la contaminación que se genera sobre los recursos hídricos del país, debido a que la mayoría de minas artesanales e informales arrojan los relaves o desechos del proceso de recuperación de oro a los afluentes hídricos sin recibir ningún tipo de tratamiento previo. Esta situación ha despertado preocupación en las comunidades cuya economía se ha visto afectada, pues el agua que proviene de los ríos no solo es utilizada para satisfacer sus necesidades, sino también en la agricultura para el riego de los cultivos. En este trabajo se exponen tres desafíos actuales que posee el país frente a la utilización del agua en la mineria de oro tradicional, estos retos fueron identificados gracias a la colaboración del gobierno local, entes académicos, las autoridades ambientales, consultores y la industria minera. Estos desafíos son: la contaminación de los ríos producto de los desechos o relaves de la mineria artesanal de oro, la protección de los acuíferos y los cambios ...

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“…The quantification of mineral textural features have become an increasingly important part of mineral processing and geometallurgy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In comminution, aspects of mineral texture have been studied and are known to influence rock strength, liberation, product particle size distribution, target grain size, and grindability of the ore [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. More examples of mineral textural influences across mineral processing are also given in flotation [17][18][19][20], leaching [21][22][23] and prediction of acid rock drainage [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Robustness of the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrices and X-Ray Computed Tomography Method for the Quantification of 3D Mineral Texture

et al. 2020

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Mineral textural quantification methods have become critical in both geosciences and mineral processing as mineral texture is a critical factor contributing to ore variability. However, the lack of objective mineral texture classification has made quantification difficult. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the robustness of applying the gray level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) to 3-dimensional (3D) gray scale images measured by X-ray computed tomography (XCT) for the quantification of mineral texture in 3D. The data quality of the GLCM outputs like statistics, heat maps and histograms in response to changes in XCT conditions such as artefacts, resolution, and calibration was tested. The response of the GLCM outputs with respect to different mineral texture types with anisotropic features and inter-sample variability was also explored. The methodology included testing core sizes of 26, 19, 14, and 6 mm diameter. Calibration was tested using copper and tungsten wires. The study demonstrated the versatility of the method for different sample types. Inter-sample calibration and optimal scanning conditions (quality and integrity) were also demonstrated, and a basic link between the 3D GLCM statistical descriptors with the mineral texture features of rocks was established. The 3D mineral texture method can potentially bypass the XCT segmentation process for direct automation of 3D mineral texture information.

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A comparison of 2D and 3D shape characterisations of free gold particles in gravity and flash flotation concentrates

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Classification and quantification of pore shapes in sandstone reservoir rocks with 3-D X-ray micro-computed tomography

Classification and quantification of pore shapes in sandstone reservoir rocks with 3-D X-ray micro-computed tomography

Review of improving the water management for the informal gold mining in Colombia

The Robustness of the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrices and X-Ray Computed Tomography Method for the Quantification of 3D Mineral Texture

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