A Comparison of Amazonian Climate Data with General Circulation Model Simulations

Culf, A. D.; Fisch, Gilberto; Lean, J.; Polcher‬, Jan

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<2764:acoacd>2.0.co;2

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The radiation and precipitation outputs from three GCM simulations were evaluated using three years' data from a set of three Amazonian sites from the ABRACOS climate monitoring project (Culf et al 1998). The GCMs were versions designed to simulate current neotropical conditions, from the Hadley Centre (UKMO), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the Laboratoire du Météorologie Dynamique (LMD).…”

Section: Amazonian Sitesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of global climate change on tropical forest biodiversity in Amazonia

Miles

Grainger

Phillips

2004

Global Ecology and Biogeography

120

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The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe first thanks must go to the National Environment Research Council, who were kind enough to fund the first three years of this project. My supervisors Oliver Phillips and Alan Grainger deserve the strongest possible thanks for all their ideas, feedback and support. Thanks too to Steve Carver, a helpful member of the supervisory team in the first phase of the project. I am grateful for the constructive criticism of RSG members Mike Kirkby and Steve Compton.On the climate modelling side, Richard Betts and Peter Cox from Hadley Centre were supportive with advice, elucidation and most importantly, climate change scenario outputs. In the standard impact scenario (SIS), future population processes are simulated over 100 years, with changes in the variables governing cell suitability being applied annually according to anomalies from a selected GCM. The run is repeated for each species using anomalies of half that magnitude, as a reduced-impact scenario (RIS).

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Section: Amazonian Sitesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of global climate change on tropical forest biodiversity in Amazonia

Miles

Grainger

Phillips

2004

Global Ecology and Biogeography

120

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“…ERA underestimates the surface sensible heat flux by as much as 50% prior to late September (the 52 nd pentad), but overestimate the increase of the sensible flux during the transition. Culf et al (1998) have shown that the ECMWF model underestimates the surface solar flux at Reserva Jaru, especially during May to August due to errors in the We use surface sensible and latent heat fluxes, precipitation, temperature, humidity, winds, and geopotential height from ERA data at 13 levels ranging from 1000 to 100 hPa. Because the peak of the rainy season varies from July in the northern areas of Amazonia to January in southern areas, we choose a smaller domain, 5 -15 S and 45 -75 W, referred to as the Southern Amazonian region (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the land surface on the transition from dry to wet season in Amazonia

2004

Theor Appl Climatol

127

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SummaryAnalysis of the fifteen years of European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis suggests that the transition from dry to wet season in Southern Amazonia is initially driven by increases of surface latent heat flux. These fluxes rapidly reduce Convective Inhibition Energy (CINE) and increase Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), consequently providing favourable conditions for increased rainfall even before the large-scale circulation has changed. The increase of rainfall presumably initiates the reversal of the crossequatorial flow, leading to large-scale net moisture convergence over Southern Amazonia. An analysis of early and late wet season onsets on an interannual scale shows that a longer dry season with lower rainfall reduces surface latent heat flux in the dry and earlier transition periods compared to that of a normal wet season onset. These conditions result in a higher CINE and a lower CAPE, causing a delay in the increase of local rainfall in the initiating phase of the transition and consequently in the wet season onset. Conversely, a wetter dry season leads to a higher surface latent heat flux and weaker CINE, providing a necessary condition for an earlier increase of local rainfall and an earlier wet season onset. Our results imply that if land use change in Amazonia reduces rainfall during dry and transition seasons, it could significantly delay the wet season onset and prolong the dry season.

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“…Although deep convective clouds have a strong influence on surface shortwave radiation when present, their aggregate impact is limited by a lower frequency of occurrence compared to shallow cumulus. Longwave CRE is typically a factor of 5-6 smaller than SW CRE (e.g., Culf et al, 1998;Malhi et al, 2002;Burleyson et al, 2015). This study will limit most interpretation to SW CRE.…”

Section: Comparison Of Cloud Observations With Satellite: Shallow Cummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud characteristics, thermodynamic controls and radiative impacts during the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Routine cloud, precipitation and thermodynamic observations collected by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF) and Aerial Facility (AAF) during the 2-year US Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign are summarized. These observations quantify the diurnal to large-scale thermodynamic regime controls on the clouds and precipitation over the undersampled, climatically important Amazon basin region. The extended ground deployment of cloud-profiling instrumentation enabled a unique look at multiple cloud regimes at high temporal and vertical resolution. This longerterm ground deployment, coupled with two short-term aircraft intensive observing periods, allowed new opportunities to better characterize cloud and thermodynamic observational constraints as well as cloud radiative impacts for modeling efforts within typical Amazon "wet" and "dry" seasons.

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A Comparison of Amazonian Climate Data with General Circulation Model Simulations

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

The impact of global climate change on tropical forest biodiversity in Amazonia

The impact of global climate change on tropical forest biodiversity in Amazonia

The influence of the land surface on the transition from dry to wet season in Amazonia

Cloud characteristics, thermodynamic controls and radiative impacts during the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment

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