A COMPARISON OF BIOFOULING COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH FREE‐RANGING AND CAPTIVE FLORIDA MANATEES (<i>TRICHECHUS MANATUS LATIROSTRIS</i>)

Bledsoe, Erin L.; Harr, Kendal E.; Cichra, Mary F.; Phlips, Edward J.; Bonde, Robert K.; Lowe, Mark P.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2006.00053.x

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Much of the undesirability is a matter of aesthetics, as L. wollei is typically described as having an unattractive ''slimy'' appearance and unpleasant smell-both of which tend to reduce human enjoyment of aquatic systems in which it is found in high quantities (see Gross and Martin 1996;Joyner et al 2008). L. wollei is, however, a source of deeper conservation concern in Kings Bay because-unlike most native and nonnative aquatic plants that have been displaced-it does not provide a suitable food source for manatees (Interagency Working Group 2005) and, even worse, may emit chemicals that are toxic to manatees and other marine mammals (see Bledsoe et al 2006;Joyner et al 2008).…”

Section: A Changing Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adaptive Management of Nonnative Species: Moving Beyond the “Either-Or” Through Experimental Pluralism

Evans

Wilkie

Burkhardt

2008

J Agric Environ Ethics

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This paper develops the outlines of a pragmatic, adaptive management-based approach toward the control of invasive nonnative species (INS) through a case study of Kings Bay/Crystal River, a large artesian springs ecosystem that is one of Florida's most important habitats for endangered West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus). Building upon recent critiques of invasion biology, principles of adaptive management, and our own interview and participant-observer research, we argue that this case study represents an example in which rigid application of invasion biology's a priori imperative to minimize INS has produced counterproductive results from both an ecological and social standpoint. As such, we recommend that INS control in Kings Bay should be relaxed in conjunction with an overall program of adaptive ecosystem management that includes meaningful participation and input from non-institutional stakeholders. However, we also note that adaptive management and INS control are by no means mutually exclusive, in Kings Bay or elsewhere. Instead, we suggest that adaptive management offers a means by which INS control efforts can emerge from-and be evaluated throughongoing scientific research and participatory dialogue about the condition of specific places, rather than non-contextual assumptions about the harmfulness of INS as a general class.

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Section: A Changing Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adaptive Management of Nonnative Species: Moving Beyond the “Either-Or” Through Experimental Pluralism

Evans

Wilkie

Burkhardt

2008

J Agric Environ Ethics

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“…This is due to the hydrologically more stable environments, which facilitate the establishment of colonizing organisms on the available substrate (Railkin 2004). In addition, captivity reduces the exposure of individuals to fluctuations in water salinity and temperature -the primary variables that influence the known load of epibionts in free-living manatees (Bledsoe et al 2006). In addition, captivity favors the retention of nutrients, suspended detritus, bacteria and microflora, which ultimately become part of the biofilm that develops on the skin of manatees.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, captivity favors the retention of nutrients, suspended detritus, bacteria and microflora, which ultimately become part of the biofilm that develops on the skin of manatees. These are likely utilized as food sources for the opportunistic microfauna reported, a common behavior for epibiont organisms (Humes 1964;Bledsoe et al 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Florida, the manatee subspecies T. m. latirostris Harlan, 1824 has been recognized as a basibiont organism that functions as a wandering ecosystem for various epibiont groups of algae and aquatic invertebrates (Bledsoe et al 2006;Franckovich et al 2015), while the Caribbean subspecies T. m. manatus Linnaeus, 1758 has been little studied in this regard (Morales-Vela et al 2008;Suárez-Morales et al 2010;Violante-Huerta and Suárez-Morales 2016). Studying epibiont communities in large vertebrates is an indirect method to obtain information on the biogeography, ecology and health of the respective basibiont (Fernández et al 1998;Liria-Loza 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus manatus (Sirenia: Trichechidae) as a motile ecosystem of epibiont fauna in the Caribbean Sea, Mexico

Violante-Huerta

Díaz-Gamboa

Ordóñez-López

2017

Therya

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The study of epibionts allows inferring ecological, biogeographic and health aspects of the host species (basibiont), and their study on marine mammals is scarce. The aim of this work was to characterize the epibiont fauna associated with the skin of captive individuals of the West Indian manatee in three sites from the Mexican Caribbean. In autumn 2014, 22 dorsal skin scrapings were collected from 11 captive manatees. The biological material was scraped off the skin with a blunt spatula, covering 100 cm 2 of sampled area of the dorsal skin of each manatee. Samples were immediately fixed in 8 % formalin solution and placed in labeled vials for laboratory analysis. We used specialized literature to identify epibionts at the lowest taxonomic level possible. A total of 1,353 individuals from 31 taxa were found, belonging to eight phyla. Twenty nine taxa are new records of epibionts from Sirenians. The nematodes Monhystera sp. and Rabdolaimus sp., the adult and larvae of copepods from the Order Harpacticoida, the foraminifer Ammonia sp. and the rotifer Lecane sp. were the dominant epibionts. These new interactions may suggest that in the Caribbean Sea, the manatee skin represents a nutrient-rich substrate for an opportunistic fauna that is more diverse than previously estimated.Los epibiontes pueden ser estudiados para inferir aspectos ecológicos, biogeográficos y de la salud de la especie que los alberga (basibionte). Su estudio es muy escaso en mamíferos marinos por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la fauna epibionte asociada a la piel de individuos cautivos del manatí Antillano en tres localidades del Caribe mexicano. En otoño de 2014 se colectaron 22 muestras de piel de 11 manatíes cautivos. El material biológico se obtuvo por medio de un raspado superficial con una espátula blanda cubriendo un área de 100 cm 2 de la piel del dorso del manatí. Las muestras se fijaron inmediatamente en una solución de formalina al 8 % y fueron colocadas en frascos etiquetados para su análisis en laboratorio. Con el uso de literatura especializada, se realizó la identificación del material al menor nivel taxonómico posible. Se encontraron un total de 1,353 individuos de 31 taxa pertenecientes a ocho fila. De ellos, 29 son nuevos registros de epibiontes para el Orden Sirenia. Los nematodos Monhystera sp. y Rhabdolaimus sp., las larvas nauplio y adultos de copépodos del Orden Harpacticoida, foraminíferos Ammonia sp. y los rotíferos Lecane sp. fueron dominantes. Estas nuevas interacciones sugieren que, en el Mar Caribe, la piel de los manatíes representa un sustrato rico en nutrientes para una fauna oportunista que es más diversa de lo previamente estimado.

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“…Our observations show that it is worthwhile for nematologists to pay attention to the epizoic fauna of aquatic mammals. The biofouling community on manatees was studied by Bledsoe et al (2006) who found that nematodes and rotifers were the dominant groups of invertebrates in their samples, although they did not identify the species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutidiplogaster manati n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) from skin lesions of a West Indian manatee (Sirenia) from the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium

Lieven

Uni

Barbuto

et al. 2011

Nematol

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A new species of the nematode taxon Diplogastridae is described on morphology and additional molecular data. The new species cannot be grouped in any of the currently accepted diplogastrid genera. Therefore, we introduce the new genus Cutidiplogaster n. gen. along with the description of our new species Cutidiplogaster manati n. gen., n. sp. Cutidiplogaster manati n. gen., n. sp. was isolated from skin lesions of manatees, Trichechus manatus manatus, kept in Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, Japan. The specimens were found anchored with their extraordinarily long tails to the small, thick epidermal bumps within thread algae that form part of the epizoic community on the manatee skin. Cutidiplogaster manati n. gen., n. sp. is characterised by the tube-shaped and finely annulated postdental part of the stegostom that makes it distinct from all other Diplogastridae so far known, and the coiled long tail that makes it unique in comparison with all known diplogastrids. On the basis of detail in stoma morphology in C. manati n. gen., n. sp., we discuss implications in homologising diplogastrid mouthparts and their evolution.

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A COMPARISON OF BIOFOULING COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH FREE‐RANGING AND CAPTIVE FLORIDA MANATEES (TRICHECHUS MANATUS LATIROSTRIS)

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Adaptive Management of Nonnative Species: Moving Beyond the “Either-Or” Through Experimental Pluralism

Adaptive Management of Nonnative Species: Moving Beyond the “Either-Or” Through Experimental Pluralism

Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus manatus (Sirenia: Trichechidae) as a motile ecosystem of epibiont fauna in the Caribbean Sea, Mexico

Cutidiplogaster manati n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) from skin lesions of a West Indian manatee (Sirenia) from the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium

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