A Comparison of Column‐Displacement and Centrifuge Methods for Obtaining Soil Solutions

Adams, Fred; Burmester, C. H.; Hue, N. V.; Long, F. Leslie

doi:10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400040014x

Cited by 171 publications

(85 citation statements)

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“…First, soil samples were taken from the A p (0 to 28 cm) and B k (28 to 58 cm) horizons, 30 hour after irrigation. The fielddrained soil was immediately centrifuged for 30 minutes at 1000 g (Adams et al, 1980) and the solution passing through the soil was retained for Si analysis. In the second approach, field samples from the A (0 to 28 cm), B k (28 to 58 cm) and the 13"q , (58 to 102 cm) plus the upper 20 cm of the B kg , (102 to 165 cm) were air dried, passed through 2-mm sieve and then shaken with 0.02 M CaCI,.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon accumulation and water uptake by wheat

1991

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Silicon (Si) content in cereal plants and soil-Si solubility may be used to estimate transpiration, assuming passive Si uptake. The hypothesis for passive-Si uptake by the transpiration stream was tested in wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Stephens) grown on the irrigated Portneuf silt loam soil (Durixerollic calciorthid) near Twin Falls, Idaho. Treatments consisted of 5 levels of plant-available soil water ranging from 244 to 776 mm provided primarily by a line-source sprinkler irrigation system. Evapotranspiration was determined by the water-balance method and water uptake was calculated from evapotranspiration, shading, and duration of wet-surface soil. Water extraction occurred from the 0 to 150-cm zone in which equilibrium Si solubility (20°C) was 15 mg Si L -1 in the A p and B, (0-58 cm depth) and 23 mg Si L -1 in the B kq (58-165 cm depth).At plant maturity, total Si uptake ranged from 10 to 32 g m 2, above-ground dry matter from 1200 to 2100 g m -2 and transpiration from 227 to 546 kg m 2. Silicon uptake was correlated with transpiration (Si up = -0.7 + .06T, r 2 = 0.85) and dry matter yield with evapotranspiration (Y = 119 + 3.3ET, r 2 = 0.96). Actual Si uptake was 2.4 to 4.7 times that accounted for by passive uptake, supporting designation of wheat as a Si accumulator. The ratio of Si uptake to water uptake increased with soil moisture. The confirmation of active Si uptake precludes using Si uptake to estimate water use by wheat.

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Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon accumulation and water uptake by wheat

1991

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“…Apparent recoveries by NaHCO 3 of the P fertilizer applied in Exp. 2a were 52, 44, 44, and 34% as lime increased from 6 to 126 g kg- 1 . NaHCO3-P averaged 52% of the resin-P across all experiments (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lime Effects on Phosphorus Availability in a Calcareous Soil

Westermann¹

1992

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Crop yields are sometimes reduced on irrigated calcareous soils with elevated lime concentrations. This study was conducted to determine the influence of lime on P availability. The effects of acid-equivalent lime concentrations and P fertilization rates on NaHCOrsoluble P, anion resin-extractable P, P-adsorption isotherms in 0.01 M CaCl 2, and P uptake by sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were investigated in the greenhouse on soil samples from the Portneuf silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, mesic Durixerollic Calciorthid). Plant P uptake was increased by P fertilization and decreased by increasing lime concentration. Phosphorus uptake was curvilinearly related to solution P (extracted by 0.01 M CaCl2). Solution P concentrations increased linearly as the resin-extractable P/equilibrium buffer capacity (EBC) ratio increased, where EBC is the slope of the P-adsorption isotherm at the indigenous equilibrium P concentration. The EBC increased as the lime concentration increased. Phosphorus applications increased solution P and resinextractable P and decreased EBC within a given lime concentration. These data indicate that the soil-test P concentration or P fertilization rate should increase as the lime concentration increases to provide the same degree of P availability and plant P uptake in this calcareous soil.

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“…The technique gradually became the preferred method in soil science. Adams et al (1980) reported that centrifugal displacement at low pressures (< 500 kPa) represented the most widely employed approach to obtaining soil pore water.…”

Section: Centrifugationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects

Bonito¹,

Breward²,

Crout³

et al. 2008

Environmental Geochemistry

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Chemical elements that are either present naturally in the soil or introduced by pollution are more usefully estimated in terms of 'availability' of the element, since it is this property that can be related to mobility and uptake by plants. A good estimation of 'availability' can be achieved by measuring the concentration of the element in soil pore water. Recent achievements in analytical techniques allowed to expand the range of interest to trace elements, which play a crucial role both in contaminated and uncontaminated soils and include those defined as potentially toxic elements (PTE) in environmental studies. A complete chemical analysis of soil pore water represents a powerful diagnostic tool for the interpretation of many soil chemical phenomena relating to soil fertility, mineralogy, and environmental fate. This chapter describes some of the current methodologies used to extract soil pore water. In particular, four laboratory-based methods, i) high speed centrifugation-filtration, (ii) low (negative-) pressure Rhizon™ samplers, (iii) high pressure soil squeezing and (iv) equilibration of dilute soil suspensions, are described and discussed in detail. A number of operational factors are presented: pressure applicable (i.e., pore size involved), moisture pre-requisites of the soil, pore water yielding, efficiency, duration of extraction, materials and possible contaminations for PTE studies. Some consideration is then taken to assess advantages and disadvantages of the methods, including costs and materials availability.

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A Comparison of Column‐Displacement and Centrifuge Methods for Obtaining Soil Solutions

Cited by 171 publications

References 0 publications

Silicon accumulation and water uptake by wheat

Silicon accumulation and water uptake by wheat

Lime Effects on Phosphorus Availability in a Calcareous Soil

Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects

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