A Comparison of High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Operation of PEM Fuel Cell Systems

Cunningham, Joshua; Hoffman, Matthew; Friedman, David J.

doi:10.4271/2001-01-0538

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Studies concerned with optimum operating conditions are discussed in [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The characteristics of the low pressure and high pressure fuel cell systems are addressed with regard to the system efficiency and transient response in [7,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of fuel cell system operating conditions for fuel cell vehicles

Zhao

Burke

2009

Journal of Power Sources

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Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology for use in fuel cell vehicles and other applications has been intensively developed in recent decades. Besides the fuel cell stack, air and fuel control and thermal and water management are major challenges in the development of the fuel cell for vehicle applications. The air supply system can have a major impact on overall system efficiency. In this paper a fuel cell system model for optimizing system operating conditions was developed which includes the transient dynamics of the air system with varying back pressure. Compared to the conventional fixed back pressure operation, the optimal operation discussed in this paper can achieve higher system efficiency over the full load range. Finally, the model is applied as part of a dynamic forward-looking vehicle model of a load-following direct hydrogen fuel cell vehicle to explore the energy economy optimization potential of fuel cell vehicles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of fuel cell system operating conditions for fuel cell vehicles

Zhao

Burke

2009

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Article 110.14(C)(1)(b) of [1] indicates that since the design load current is greater than 100A, the minimum cable size of Type USE cable must be taken from Table 310. 16 of [1] from the column marked 75 o C. The size ascertained from the table is #1/0 AWG having a maximum allowable current rating of 150A. Now, the NEC indicates that derating of cable ampacity must be allowed for conduit overfilling beyond 40% of the conduit cross-sectional area and an ambient temperature higher than 20 o C. Table 310.15(B)(2)(a) of [1] indicates that the conduit fill derating factor is 1 provided the conduit is sized with the fill limited to 40% of its area.…”

Section: ) Sizing Of Feeders and Lateralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Table 310. 16 gives cable size #1/0 AWG again. So the outcome of the design so far gives us the type and size of the feeder and laterals to be a 3-conductor (2-ungrounded and 1-grounded), Type USE , #1/0 AWG copper cable.…”

Section: ) Sizing Of Feeders and Lateralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Smart Fuel Cell Operated Residential Micro-Grid Community

Alam¹,

Mobile²,

Fax:³

2005

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Project Objectives: To build on the work of year one by expanding the smart control algorithm developed to a micro-grid of ten houses; to perform a cost analysis; to evaluate alternate energy sources; to study system reliability; to develop the energy management algorithm, and to perform micro-grid software and hardware simulations.Background: Fuel cells for residential use have a specified power output, normally 5kW that can only be exceeded for short periods of time. However, domestic loads in excess of 5kW are not unusual and the purpose of the smart energy management and control system (SEMaC) is to regulate the demand to the specified output while minimizing occupants' discomfort.

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“…The blower requires large channel volumes, and thus larger stacks. Note here that there have been many studies analyzing the tradeoff between FC power density and parasitic losses from the air supply device [4]. Additional considerations associated with controlling the system humidity and temperature depending on the operational pressure are still under debate [9].…”

Section: Fuel Cell System With Air Flow Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of Converter and Fuel Cell Controllers

Suh

Stefanopoulou

Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Symposium On, Mediterrean Conference on Control and Automation Intelligent Control,

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Load following fuel cell systems depend on control of reactant flow and regulation of DC bus voltage during load (current) drawn from them. To this end, we model and analyze the dynamics of a fuel cell system equipped with a compressor and a DC-DC converter. We then employ model-based control techniques to tune two separate controllers for the compressor and the converter. We demonstrate that the lack of communication and coordination between the two controllers entails a severe tradeoff in achieving the stack and power output objectives. A coordinated controller is finally designed that manages the air and the electron flow control in an optimal way. We demonstrate our results during specific and critical load changes around a nominal operating point. Although our analysis does not cover wide operating region, it provides insight on the level of controller coordination necessary in non-hybridized fuel cell power supply. The shut-down and start-up procedures will be investigated in future work.

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A Comparison of High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Operation of PEM Fuel Cell Systems

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

Optimization of fuel cell system operating conditions for fuel cell vehicles

Optimization of fuel cell system operating conditions for fuel cell vehicles

Smart Fuel Cell Operated Residential Micro-Grid Community

Coordination of Converter and Fuel Cell Controllers

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