“…angular second moment, contrast, correlation, sum of squares, inverse difference moment, sum average, sum variance, sum entropy, entropy, difference variance, and difference entropy; these parameters were calculated 20 times for (d, 0), (0, d), (d, d), and (d, -d), where distance d can take the value of 1 to 5; 3) Twenty run length matrix-based characteristics [12,14]: run length nonuniformity, grey-level nonuniformity, long-run emphasis, short-run emphasis, and fraction of image in runs; these parameters were computed four times (for horizontal, vertical, 45°, and 135° directions); 4) Five absolute gradient-based parameters [12]: mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and percentage of pixels with nonzero gradient; 5) Five first-order autoregressive model characteristics [11,15,16]…”