A Comparison of Nonlinear Measures for the Detection of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy from Heart Rate Variability

Abstract

Abstract:In this work we compare three multiscale measures for their ability to discriminate between participants having cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and aged controls. CAN is a disease that involves nerve damage leading to an abnormal control of heart rate, so one would expect disease progression to manifest in changes to heart rate variability (HRV). We applied multiscale entropy (MSE), multi fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA), and Renyi entropy (RE) to recorded datasets of RR intervals. The latter measure provided the best separation (lowest p-value in Mann-Whitney tests) between classes of participants having CAN, early CAN or no CAN (controls). This comparison suggests the efficacy of RE as a measure for diagnosis of CAN and its progression, when compared to the other multiscale measures.

Data-analytically derived flexible HbA1c thresholds for type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnostic

“…It appears though that IHR Sample Entropy is much worse on its own in determining T2DM outcomes, as seen from Table 6, which correlates with other results obtained for CAN diagnostic in the DiScRi space. [35] The rules involving these variables, or even more to the point Ewing Result previously discussed, basically claim that if it is not an overt T2DM then it is CAN, which positions CAN within the T2DM network of realisations.…”

“…However, there is a number of ways of calculating the quantity. [35] We assume that the same standard to how it is done applied in both studies. [15,16] IHR Approximate Entropy is not notionally different from IHR Sample Entropy, and so qualitatively same result is expected.…”

“…The dataset has been used in several data mining applications for identification of DM [33,34] and related conditions. [35,36] The temporal data underwent compression to instantiate patients instead of attendances by calculating longitudinal means or modes on the amount of available data. Type 1 DM (T1DM) patients were excluded as this study is focused on T2DM.…”

Detection of Congestive Heart Failure using Renyi Entropy

“…Several of the entropy measures may be extended to form multiscale measures, where analysis is performed over different scales or using different exponents to emphasize large or small values of the RR intervals. In previous work, we have shown the superior accuracy of the Renyi entropy to differentiate cardiac autonomic neuropathy from control, compared to other measures [8]. In addition, Renyi entropy is able to be applied to both different scales and different exponents.…”

“…In the implementation used here, the probability pi is estimated from the RR interval data by considering each sequence of m RR intervals as a point in m-dimensional space, and adding the contribution of all other sequences using a Gaussian kernel method [8].…”