A comparison of numerical simulations and full-scale measurements of snowdrifts around buildings

Thiis, Thomas K.

doi:10.12989/was.2000.3.2.073

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The CFD technique has been applied in the prediction of snowdrift around buildings in several studies (e.g., Uematsu et al, 1991;Bang et al, 1994;Thiis, 2000;Beyers et al, 2004;Tominaga et al, 2006), as reviewed by Tominaga et al (2011). In most previous studies, including those by the present authors, empirical relations for the transport rate obtained by the measured data in an equilibrium saltation layer (Iversen et al, 1980;Pomeroy and Gray, 1990) have been widely used as a saltation model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wind tunnel investigation of drifting snow development in a boundary layer

Okaze¹,

Mochida²,

Tominaga³

et al. 2012

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wind tunnel investigation of drifting snow development in a boundary layer

Okaze¹,

Mochida²,

Tominaga³

et al. 2012

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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“…This approach is generally used to analyze the structural features in data and extract major data feature quantities. Specifically, EOF analysis can decompose a variable field matrix X that changes with time into a time-independent spatial matrix EOF and a time matrix PC, as shown in Equation (9). In this study, the time-dependent field matrix was replaced by a field matrix that changed with the wind direction, and a wind direction related matrix could be obtained instead of the time matrix.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This study provides a simplified method that can be applied to help preliminarily estimate the snow load on a complex roof by combining the snow loads on several simple roofs, which have been provided in the load code or obtained by numerical studies.Abstract: A considerable number of studies have been carried out for predicting snowdrifts on roofs over the years. However, few studies have focused on snowdrifts on complex long-span roofs, as the complex shape and fine structure pose significant challenges. In this study, to simplify the calculation requirements of snow load on such roofs, work was conducted to decompose the snowdrift on a complex roof into snowdrifts on several simple roofs. First, the snow-wind tunnel test similarity criteria were investigated based on a combined air-snow-wind experimental system. Thereafter, with reference to the validated experimental similarity criteria, a series of snow-wind tunnel tests were performed for snowdrifts on a complex long-span structure under the conditions of different inflow directions. Finally, based on empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the snowdrifts on the complex roof were decomposed into basic characteristic distribution modes, including snowdrifts caused by the local and overall roof forms. The snow distribution under a specific inflow direction could be derived from the weighted combination of the basic characteristic modes, based on the wind direction coefficients. Therefore, it is possible for the snow load on a complex roof to be estimated preliminarily based on the snow distributions on several simple roofs.

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“…Since Uematsu et al (1991) first brought numerical simulation to the analysis of snowdrift in 1991 and now this method is widely used by researchers. Thiis et al (2009) used 3D numerical simulation to predict snow distribution on a sports hall with a curved roof located in Oslo, Norway and compared the simulated results with field measurements. Tominaga et al (2016) investigated the drift snow loads for an isolated gable-roof building and the results showed that snow depth on the leeward side of the roof increasing with wind velocity and roof pitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of unbalanced snow loads on isolated gable-roof with or without scuttle

Liu

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2020

Advances in Structural Engineering

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Unbalanced snow loads on roofs have been a turbulent and significant problem for the building industry. Gables are one of the most common roof shapes, which are widely adopted as the roof shape for family residences, factories, ware houses, and garages. Series of experiments on an isolated gable-roof with or without scuttles and different roof pitches were done for the purpose of exploring the unbalanced patterns of snow loads. The model buildings made of wood have the same floor space, 2000 × 2000 mm but different roof pitches. A new open air snow–wind combined experimental facility was adopted in the experiments. The facility, which is like an open air wind tunnel with a snowfall simulator, can produce a stable wind field and snowfall environment for a specific duration. Artificial snow was used in the experiments, and particles properties were compared with natural snow previously proposed by the other authors. The experiment results indicated that the unbalanced snow loads were strongly connected with various wind velocities and roof pitches and a scuttle or other salient on the roof would bring an evident influence of patterns of snow distribution on the roofs.

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A comparison of numerical simulations and full-scale measurements of snowdrifts around buildings

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Wind tunnel investigation of drifting snow development in a boundary layer

Wind tunnel investigation of drifting snow development in a boundary layer

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Experimental investigation of unbalanced snow loads on isolated gable-roof with or without scuttle

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