A comparison of the C, H, N, protein and amino acid composition of Posidonia australis Hook.f. with that of Posidonia oceanica (L.) delile and several other marine phanerogams

Augier, H.; Calvert, Harry E.; Wollaston, E. M.; Santimone, Marius

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(82)90007-9

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The C contents of intermediate leaves was greater than in adult leaves in all stations, in agreement with Romero et al (1992). The recorded values (37.32-49.07%) were similar to those obtained by Augier et al (1982) in France (31-45%) and Enriquez et al (1995) in Spain (38.12%). The maximum C content was recorded in December and March in both adult and intermediate leaves.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Seasonal grazing and food preference of herbivores in a <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> meadow

Peirano¹,

Niccolai²,

Mauro³

et al. 2001

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Seasonal grazing of the fish Sarpa salpa (L.), the urchin Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck and the isopods Idotea spp. was compared with the C/N ratio of adult and intermediate leaves and epiphytes of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, collected at three different depths. Despite seasonal differences in grazing, herbivores showed preferences throughout the year for adult leaves with more epiphyte and higher N contents. The maximum grazing on adult and intermediate leaves was observed in September and in June for fish and in March for urchins, whereas it was irregular for isopods. Grazing by the three herbivores was not related to their preference for leaves or epiphytes, notwithstanding the seasonal differences in their C and N contents. We concluded that herbivores show no preference for food type throughout the year and that seasonal consumption of P. oceanica is related mainly to herbivore behaviour.Key words: grazing, C/N ratio, seagrass, epiphytes. *Received February 16, 2000. Accepted May 15, 2001. 1996 and showed that the percentage of leaf production removed by herbivores in summer was correlated with both leaf specific growth rates and leaf production per shoot (Cebrian and Duarte, 1998).Differences in grazing might also be explained by different behaviour of the grazers. Massive schools of the fish S. salpa actively feed on P.oceanica leaves in Summer to accumulate reserves for reproduction. In winter, adults migrate to greater depths, whereas young fish, in shallow waters, eat preferentially small crustaceans (Bini, 1968;Tortonese, 1975, Francour, 1997 and turf epilithic algae (Havelange et al., 1997).P. lividus forms true populations in P. oceanica meadows, where high densities may have a heavy impact on the meadow (Kirkman and Young; Nedelec and Verlaque, 1984). Even though the urchins reproduce throughout the year (Tortonese, 1965;Fenaux 1968), major spawning is concentrated in spring and summer (Fenaux 1968;Azzolina and Willsie, 1987) and is related to the lowest consumption of seagrass (Semroud and Kada, 1987). While the young urchins feed on both rhizomes and leaves, the adults (>2 cm diameter) have a low-specialised diet and graze preferentially, on the highly epiphytized distal part of the leaves at nigth (Nedelec and Verlaque, 1984;Zupo and Fresi, 1984).Little is known about the behaviour of the isopods. The diet of the isopods I. baltica balsteri was investigated by Lorenti and Fresi (1982), who observed prolonged survival of the animal feeding on living leaves of P. oceanica.Until now, it is not clear whether seasonal grazing is related to leaf or epiphyte quality of food or depends on other factors. The aim of the present work is to assess the relationships between grazing pressure and food availability and C and N contents, both in time and space. For this purpose three stations along a depth gradient were observed during one year. Two levels of food were considered: a) leaves (adult and intermediate) and b) epiphytes (divided into major taxa). Seasonal variations in food quality were ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Seasonal grazing and food preference of herbivores in a <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> meadow

Peirano¹,

Niccolai²,

Mauro³

et al. 2001

Sci. Mar.

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“…The marine phanerogams are an ecologically important group of plants in the coastal zone of the Mediterranean Sea (Meinesz and Laurent 1978) and may be an important source of chemical compounds, such as, amino acids (Molinier and Pelligrini 1966) phenolic acids (Zapata and Me Milland 1979), proteins (Augier 1982) and sterols (Sica et al 1984). Cariello and Zanetti (1979), have shown that the leaves of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile collected in the Bay of Naples contained substances which accelerated the growth of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Extracts from the Rhizomes of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile

Bernard¹,

Pesando²

1989

Botm

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Aqueous and lipid extracts from the rhizomes of the Mediterranean seagrass, Posidonia oceanica have been studied for their antimicrobial activity. The extracts were active against bacteria (Gram" 1 " and Gram"), dermatophytes and the yeast, Malassezia furfur, whereas other yeasts, moulds and the phytofungi tested all proved resistant.This procedure yielded a biphasic system of chloroform-methanol water (2:2:1,8 V/V) following the method described by Bligh and Dyer (1959). The lipid and the aqueous phases were dried in vacuo. The residues were then respectively dissolved in chloroform and water to give lipid and aqueous extracts, each at a concentration of 50 mg/ml.

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“…Alanine increased similarly in H. engelmanni (Pulich, 1986). In P. australis and P. oceanica these amino acids occur only at low levels (Augier, 1982). Tyerman (1989) presented evidence that sucrose serves an osmoregulatory role as a compatible solute in the cytoplasm of Zostera capricorni and the same may be true for P. australis (Tyerman et al, 1984).…”

Section: Secondary Metabolites and Chemotaxonomymentioning

confidence: 94%

Photosynthesis and Metabolism in Seagrasses at the Cellular Level

Larkum

Drew²,

Ralph

Seagrasses: Biology, Ecologyand Conservation

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A comparison of the C, H, N, protein and amino acid composition of Posidonia australis Hook.f. with that of Posidonia oceanica (L.) delile and several other marine phanerogams

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Seasonal grazing and food preference of herbivores in a <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> meadow

Seasonal grazing and food preference of herbivores in a <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> meadow

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Extracts from the Rhizomes of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile

Photosynthesis and Metabolism in Seagrasses at the Cellular Level

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