A comparison of the cold hardiness of populations of <i>Delia radicum</i> (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) from southern England and the Canadian Prairies

Turnock, W. J.; Reader, P. M.; Bracken, G. K.

doi:10.1139/z90-119

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…There are also some genetic differences among locust populations from south to north in China (Zhang & Kang, 2000), but it is unknown whether such differences affect their cold hardiness. The geographic variations in cold hardiness of a single species or inter-population have also been supported strongly in previous studies (Turnock et al, 1990(Turnock et al, , 1998Shintani & Ishikawa, 1999;Kallushkov & Nedved, 2000), however a comprehensive study of locust cold hardiness and its relationship with geographical distribution has not been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Geographical variation in egg cold hardiness: a study on the adaptation strategies of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria L.

Jing

Kang

2003

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. For many species of insect, cold hardiness is an important trait that enables a population to develop in the next season and to extend its range. To elucidate the role of cold hardiness of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria L. in its outbreak and distribution areas, egg cold hardiness was examined in locusts derived from four locations from latitude 18 23 0 N to latitude 41 10 0 N in eastern China.2. The supercooling points of eggs from different geographic populations did not differ significantly for the first development stage, with an average AE SE of À24.5 AE 0.51 C, or for the second stage, À22.06 AE 0.68 C, however there was a significant difference for the embryonic development phase among the four geographical populations. The egg supercooling point increased gradually from neonatal egg to old egg; eggs prior to hatching always had a much higher supercooling point.3. Comparisons of the cold hardiness of four populations were carried out by validating the close correlation between latitude and the effects of cold on hatching, low lethal temperature (Ltemp 50 ), and low lethal time (Ltime 50 ). There were significant differences among the four populations; the northern population was more cold hardy than the southern population, and the two mid-latitude populations were intermediately cold hardy.4. The cold hardiness of all populations was enhanced to various degrees by short-term cold acclimation at 0 C and 5 C. For most populations, a 2-day acclimation period seemed to be optimal.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Geographical variation in egg cold hardiness: a study on the adaptation strategies of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria L.

Jing

Kang

2003

Ecological Entomology

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“…This relationship has been described by regression analysis of duration of exposure for several temperatures (e.g. Merivee, 1978), and a regression equation that combined temperatures and exposures within the cold injury zone was developed to predict non-freezing survival (Turnock et al, 1983;Lamb et al, 1985;Turnock et al, 1990;Turnock & Bilodeau, 1992;Turnock, 1993;Turnock & Carl, 1995;Turnock et al, 1998). The calculation of negative degree-days (DD) below 0°C assumes that a particular DD accumulation has the same impact on survival, regardless of the combination of temperature and time that is used (Bale, 1996).…”

Section: Predicting Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter climates and coldhardiness in terrestrial insects

Turnock¹,

Fields²

2005

Eur. J. Entomol.

112

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Abstract. Overwintering insects must avoid injury and death from the freezing of tissues and from metabolic disruptions associated with exposure to low, non-freezing temperatures. The winter climates of the world are classified in relation to insect overwintering on the basis of their minimum temperatures and the duration of the winter (when temperatures are below the thermal range for activity and development). Outside the Tropical Wet zone, the severity of exposure to cold (temperature, snowfall, duration of exposure, predictability, variability) can vary from a few days at 0°C to months below -20°C with extremes as low as -60°C. The severity of the temperature exposure may be ameliorated by the selection by insects of overwintering sites (exposed, partly-exposed, protected). The relationships among overwintering habitats, the minimum winter temperature in climatic zones, and the supercooling points (SCP) of over 350 terrestrial insects from published reports were examined. Variability in the SCP among insects within each climatic zone and habitat was wide. Among the freeze-susceptible species that overwintered in exposed or partly-protected habitats the SCP and the cold severity of climate were correlated. This was not the case for insects that overwintered in protected habitats. The SCP's of freeze-tolerant insects were generally higher than the freeze-susceptible insects, and the SCP's were not tightly linked with the cold severity of climatic zone. Insects, both freeze-susceptible and freeze-tolerant, overwintering in exposed habitats had lower SCP's than insects from habitats that offered some protection from ambient temperatures. Thirty-eight species had reports of SCP's for different geographical locations. Although there were occasionally differences in the SCP's, there was no consistent pattern of insects having lower SCP's when overwintering in colder habitats. The incidence of freeze-tolerance was higher in boreal and polar climatic zones than in climatic zones with warmer winters. Holometabola insects had a higher incidence of freeze-tolerance than hemimetabola insects. Suggestions for future research directions are outlined.

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“…A comprehensive study of interpopulation differences in cold hardiness was published by Turnock et al (1985Turnock et al ( , 1990Turnock et al ( , 1998. They compared the supercooling points (SCPs) of the pupae from six temperate populations of the freeze susceptible Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyidae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold hardiness of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from central and southern Europe

Kalushkov¹,

Nedvěd²

2000

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The cold hardiness of individuals from overwintering populations of a freeze susceptible bug Pyrrhocoris apterus from central and southern Europe differed significantly. Supercooling point (SCP) correlated well with both lethal temperature (LT50) and lethal time (Lt50), and is a good index of cold hardiness of adults during and after diapause. In January, diapause terminated, but cold hardiness was similar to that recorded in November; cold hardiness decreased slightly in March and markedly in May. Short expo sure (less than a week) to higher temperatures before termination of diapause did not reduce the cold hardiness. Cold hardiness did not closely follow air temperatures.The Bulgarian bugs retained lower cold hardiness regardless of acclimation to harsh field condi tions in the Czech Republic. The interpopulation difference is therefore a heritable character representing an adjustment to local cli mates.

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A comparison of the cold hardiness of populations of Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) from southern England and the Canadian Prairies

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Geographical variation in egg cold hardiness: a study on the adaptation strategies of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria L.

Geographical variation in egg cold hardiness: a study on the adaptation strategies of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria L.

Winter climates and coldhardiness in terrestrial insects

Cold hardiness of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from central and southern Europe

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