Abstract-The effects of the active principles of crude ginger (a traditional Sino Japanese medicine), the gingerols, on the contractile responses to eicosanoids were compared using isolated mouse and rat blood vessels. Leukotrienes (LT) C4 and D4, a thromboxane (TX) A2 derivative (U-46619), prostaglandins (PG) F2a, PG12-Na, PGE2, the stable PG12 derivative TRK-100, and PGD2 induced con traction in longitudinal segments of mouse mesenteric veins in that order of potency. Exogenous arachidonic acid and PGE, did not cause contraction. The mesenteric veins also contracted in response to noradrenaline (NA) and phenylephrine (PhE), but not to clonidine. The gingerols alone relaxed the muscle transiently and then augmented the response to PGF2a, PGE2, PG12-Na, and TRK-100, but suppressed the response to PGD2, U-46619, LTC4, LTD4, NA and PhE. (±)-[6]-Gingerol also potentiated the PGF2a-induced contraction in longitudinal segments of rat mesen teric vein and vena cava, but inhibited it in circular segments of rat aorta and longi tudinal segments of mouse mesenteric arteries. These results showed that (±)