A comparison of the wais and wais-r using t-score conversions that correct for age, education, and sex

Abstract

A newly developed T score conversion system that corrects Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) subtest and IQ scores for appropriate demographic variables was used to compare subjects' performance on the two versions of the instrument. Using 428 pairs of subjects matched on age, education, and sex, with one person in each pair having taken the WAIS and the other the WAIS-R, we found no significant differences in level or pattern of performance when analyses were performed on the T scores. This was in contrast to highly significant differences when uncorrected scaled scores and IQ values were compared. Therefore, the T score system appears to provide a tool which may help clinicians make more direct comparisons between the results obtained on the WAIS and WAIS-R.

The Generalized Pattern of Neuropsychological Deficits in Outpatients With Chronic Schizophrenia With Heterogeneous Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Results

“…Of the total sample, 35 (87.5%) of the schizophrenic patients were receiving medication at the time of intake. Thirty-four (85%) were receiving high-potency neuroleptic medications.…”

Discrepancies between IQ and memory scores in alcoholism and aging

“…The investigators found mean differences on the WAIS and WAIS-R of 6.4, 3.5, and 5.8 points between the VIQs, PIQs, and FSIQs, comparable to the differences noted by tke other investigators. Thompson, Heaton, Grant, and Matthews, 1989 later cautionkd that differences in IQs for the two versions might be due to the differences in the standardization samples and not differences in content of the scales. This hypothesis was supported by their finding that by using demographically corrected scores (for age, education, and gender), the comparability of WAIS and WAIS-R IQ scores for normal subjects was improved.…”

Neuropsychological impairment in Tardive dyskinesia.

“…With the exception of the CVLT, all the raw scores on the NP tests were converted to age-, education-, and gender-corrected T scores (Heaton, 1992; Heaton et al, 1991; Thompson & Heaton, 1989). Age- and gender-corrected T or z scores were used for the CVLT (Delis et al, 1987).…”

“…Psychomotor skills: Tactual Performance Test (TPT) total time, Part A of the Trail Making Test, WAIS-R Block Design, WAIS-R Digit Symbol, and WAIS-R Object Assembly. With the exception of the CVLT, all the raw scores on the NP tests were converted to age-, education-, and gender-corrected T scores (Heaton, 1992;Heaton et al, 1991;Thompson & Heaton, 1989). Age-and gender-corrected T or z scores were used for the CVLT (Delis et al, 1987).…”