“…C has also been used as the p-type dopant in InGaAs base layers, although it is very difficult to establish a high concentration and a low-resistivity p-type conduction in the InGaAs regardless of the C precursors, such as CBr 4 and CCl 4 [2,3]. This difficulty is attributed to the low doping efficiency [3,4], the amphoteric behavior of C that becomes significant when the In concentration increases [5] and the free carrier reduction due to hydrogen passivation of the C acceptors [3,[6][7][8]. There seems to be no striking differences in superiority between CBr 4 and CCl 4 as a C precursor for InGaAs.…”