A comparison of two class 10 pathogenesis-related genes from alfalfa and their activation by multiple stresses and stress-related signaling molecules

Abstract

A collection of 29 pathogenesis-related 10 (PR10) genes of Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula showed that they were almost all obtained from cDNA libraries of tissues undergoing abiotic or biotic stresses. The predicted proteins could be divided into two subclasses, PR10.1 and PR10.2, but in silico predicted models of their three-dimensional structures revealed that they could be further divided based on size of the hydrophobic internal cavity and number of β-bulges. A comparison of the expression of two highly similar M. sativa subclass PR10.1 genes, MsPR10.1A and MsPR10.1B, predicted to have similar sized hydrophobic internal cavities, but a different number of β-bulges revealed differences in their expression patterns. MsPR10.1A was induced faster than MsPR10.1B by ABA, ethylene, and X. campestris pv. alfalfae, but slower than MsPR10.1B by harvesting and wounding. Unlike MsPR10.1A, MsPR10.1B expression was induced in non-harvested tissues following harvesting, but was not induced by heat treatment. Histochemical observations of Nicotiana benthamiana transformed with 657 bp of the MsPR10.1A promoter fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene showed that GUS expression was wound-inducible in leaves, which was consistent with MsPR10.1A expression in alfalfa leaves. GUS expression in stems and leaves was mostly in vascular tissue. The MsPR10.1A promoter may be valuable in controlling the expression in vascular tissues and disease resistance.

Pathogenesis-Related Gene, JcPR-10a from Jatropha curcas Exhibit RNase and Antifungal Activity

“…RSOsPR10 is rapidly induced in roots by salt, drought and blast fungus through activation of JA pathway [16]. The MsPR10.1A and MsPR10.1B genes from alfalfa show structural-dependent differential expression by ABA, ethylene, and X. campestris [9]. Gh-MLP expression in cotton root was induced by salt stress and Verticillium dahliae toxin [18].…”

“…Induction of PR-10 transcript has been detected in response to infection by different pathogens, including bacterial infection of Xanthomonas on alfalfa, hot pepper [9,10] of Pseudomonas on alfalfa, grapevine [11,12] and fungal infection of Fusarium on pea, sorghum [13,14] of Magnoporthe on rice [15,16], of Verticillium dahliae on cotton [17,18], of Venturia inaequalis on apple [19], of Uncinula necator on grapevine [20], of Cronatium ribicola on western white pine, etc. A unique antiviral activity has been reported for PR-10 proteins, CaPR-10 protein ribonuclease activity plays an important role during viral attack [10].…”

Impact of pr-10a overexpression on the cryopreservation success of Solanum tuberosum suspension cultures

“…Pr-10a was primarily studied in the context of attacks by pathogens (Liu and Ekramoddoullah 2006) but is also known to play a role in higher stress tolerance induced by increased ABA levels or abiotic factors such as drought or salt stress (Salekdeh et al 2002;Kav et al 2004;Srivastava et al 2004;Jain et al 2006;Liu and Ekramoddoullah 2006;Bahramnejad et al 2010). Thus, the cryopreservation procedure provides a unique framework to evaluate the differences in the cell lines' responses to dehydration and freezing.…”

The Pathogenesis Related Class 10 proteins in Plant Defense against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

“…Analysis of the root proteome of moderate susceptible Medicago truncatula in response to infection by the oomycete root pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches and the abundance levels of one group of ABA-responsive proteins (ABR17) of the PR-10 class were observed indicating that ABAmediated signaling is involved in PR protein induction for disease resistance [79]. Therefore, despite the fact that the mechanism of interaction between signaling molecules and PR-10 proteins remains largely unknown, the results of a number of studies suggest that PR10 expression is triggered by the application of signaling molecules and that this response is important in host resistance.…”