A compilation of inventories of emissions to the atmosphere

Graedel, T. E.; Bates, T. S.; Bouwman, A. F.; Cunnold, D. M.; Dignon, J.; Fung, Inez; Jacob, Daniel J.; Lamb, Brian; Logan, Jennifer A.; Marland, Gregg; Middleton, Paulette; Pacyna, Józef M.; Placet, M.; Veldt, C.

doi:10.1029/92gb02793

Cited by 129 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Emissions from biomass burning are determined on a monthly basis according to the satellite-derived carbon emission estimates from the Global Fire Emissions Data base (GFED) version 2.1 (Randerson et al, 2007). NO x emissions from soils are based on Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA) (Graedel et al, 1993), which are reported as monthly means. NO x emissions over Asia were obtained from Regional Emission inventory in Asia (REAS) version 1.1 (Ohara et al, 2007) The monthly/yearly emission data were linearly interpolated at each time step of the CHASER and used in the simulation.…”

Section: A Global Chemical Transport Model Chasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Global NOx emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO2 columns

2012

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Abstract.A data assimilation system has been developed to estimate global nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions using OMI tropospheric NO 2 columns (DOMINO product) and a global chemical transport model (CTM), the Chemical Atmospheric GCM for Study of Atmospheric Environment and Radiative Forcing (CHASER). The data assimilation system, based on an ensemble Kalman filter approach, was applied to optimize daily NO x emissions with a horizontal resolution of 2.8 • during the years 2005 and 2006. The background error covariance estimated from the ensemble CTM forecasts explicitly represents non-direct relationships between the emissions and tropospheric columns caused by atmospheric transport and chemical processes. In comparison to the a priori emissions based on bottom-up inventories, the optimized emissions were higher over eastern China, the eastern United States, southern Africa, and central-western Europe, suggesting that the anthropogenic emissions are mostly underestimated in the inventories. In addition, the seasonality of the estimated emissions differed from that of the a priori emission over several biomass burning regions, with a large increase over Southeast Asia in April and over South America in October. The data assimilation results were validated against independent data: SCIAMACHY tropospheric NO 2 columns and vertical NO 2 profiles obtained from aircraft and lidar measurements. The emission correction greatly improved the agreement between the simulated and observed NO 2 fields; this implies that the data assimilation system efficiently derives NO x emissions from concentration observations. We also demonstrated that biases in the satellite retrieval and model settings used in the data assimilation largely affect the magnitude of estimated emissions. These dependences should be carefully considered for better understanding NO x sources from top-down approaches.

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Section: A Global Chemical Transport Model Chasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Global NOx emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO2 columns

2012

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“…The monthly biogenic emissions from vegetation, obtained via the GEIA inventory (Guenther et al, 1995), are considered for isoprene, terpenes, and other non-methane VOCs. NO x emissions from soils are based on monthly mean Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA) (Graedel et al, 1993). The emissions over Asia were obtained from Regional Emission inventory in Asia (REAS) version 1.1 (Ohara et al, 2007).…”

Section: The Global Chemical Transport Model Chasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous assimilation of satellite NO2, O3, CO, and HNO3 data for the analysis of tropospheric chemical composition and emissions

et al. 2012

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Comparisons against independent satellite, aircraft, and ozonesonde data show that the data assimilation results in substantial improvements for various chemical compounds. These improvements include a reduced negative tropospheric NO 2 column bias (by 40-85 %), a reduced negative CO bias in the Northern Hemisphere (by 40-90 %), and a reduced positive O 3 bias in the middle and upper troposphere (from 30-40 % to within 10 %). These changes are related to increased tropospheric OH concentrations by 5-15 % in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere in July. Observing System Experiments (OSEs) have been conducted to quantify the relative importance of each data set on constraining the emissions and concentrations. The OSEs confirm that the assimilation of individual data sets results in a strong influence on both assimilated and non-assimilated species through the inter-species error correlation and the chemical coupling described by the model. The simultaneous adjustment of the emissions and concentrations is a powerful approach to correcting the tropospheric ozone budget and profile analyses.

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“…The emissions of the primary pollutants consist of data from the Global Emission Inventory Activity (GEIA) (Graedel et al, 1993), the Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) (Olivier et al, 1996) both with 1 • ×1 • spatial resolution and finally data from the European Monitoring Evaluation Programme (EMEP) (Vestreng, 2001) for Europe with a 50 km×50 km resolution. All emission data are provided as annual values.…”

Section: Emep Measuring Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on air pollution levels in the Northern Hemisphere with special focus on Europe and the Arctic

et al. 2008

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Abstract. The response of a selected number of chemical species is inspected with respect to climate change. The coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model ECHAM4-OPYC3 is providing meteorological fields for the Chemical long-range Transport Model DEHM. Three selected decades (1990s, 2040s and 2090s) are inspected. The 1990s are used as a reference and validation period. In this decade an evaluation of the output from the DEHM model with ECHAM4-OPYC3 meteorology input data is carried out. The model results are tested against similar model simulations with MM5 meteorology and against observations from the EMEP monitoring sites in Europe.The test results from the validation period show that the overall statistics (e.g. mean values and standard deviations) are similar for the two simulations. However, as one would expect the model setup with climate input data fails to predict correctly the timing of the variability in the observations. The overall performance of the ECHAM4-OPYC3 setup as meteorological input to the DEHM model is shown to be acceptable according to the applied ranking method. It is concluded that running a chemical long-range transport model on data from a "free run" climate model is scientifically sound. From the model runs of the three decades, it is found that the overall trend detected in the evolution of the chemical species, is the same between the 1990 decade and the 2040 decade and between the 2040 decade and the 2090 decade, respectively.The dominating impacts from climate change on a large number of the chemical species are related to the predicted temperature increase. Throughout the 21th century the ECHAM4-OPYC3 projects a global mean temperature increase of 3 K with local maxima up to 11 K in the Arctic winter based on the IPCC A2 emission scenario. As a consequence of this temperature increase, the temperature dependent biogenic emission of isoprene is predicted to increase Correspondence to: G. B. Hedegaard (gbh@dmu.dk) significantly over land by the DEHM model. This leads to an increase in the O 3 production and together with an increase in water vapor to an increase in the number of free OH radicals. Furthermore this increase in the number of OH radicals contributes to a significant change in the typical life time of many species, since OH are participating in a large number of chemical reactions. It is e.g. found that more SO 2− 4 will be present in the future over the already polluted areas and this increase can be explained by an enhanced conversion of SO 2 to SO 2− 4 .

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A compilation of inventories of emissions to the atmosphere

Cited by 129 publications

References 115 publications

Global NO<sub>x</sub> emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns

Global NO<sub>x</sub> emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns

Simultaneous assimilation of satellite NO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, CO, and HNO<sub>3</sub> data for the analysis of tropospheric chemical composition and emissions

Impacts of climate change on air pollution levels in the Northern Hemisphere with special focus on Europe and the Arctic

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A compilation of inventories of emissions to the atmosphere

Cited by 129 publications

References 115 publications

Global NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; columns

Global NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; columns

Simultaneous assimilation of satellite NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, CO, and HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; data for the analysis of tropospheric chemical composition and emissions

Impacts of climate change on air pollution levels in the Northern Hemisphere with special focus on Europe and the Arctic

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Product

Resources

About

Global NO<sub>x</sub> emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns

Global NO<sub>x</sub> emission estimates derived from an assimilation of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns

Simultaneous assimilation of satellite NO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, CO, and HNO<sub>3</sub> data for the analysis of tropospheric chemical composition and emissions