A complete pollen record of the last 230 ka from Lynch's Crater, north-eastern Australia

Kershaw, A. Peter; Lewis, Sophie C.; Kaars, Sander van der

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.02.015

Cited by 172 publications

(143 citation statements)

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“…B 282: 20151998 fluctuations of the Quaternary, an overall decline in moisture shaped the distribution of vegetation by increasing aridity, fire frequency and fire intensity, favouring Eucalyptus intrusions into tropical rainforests as recently as 8 Kya [33]. Climatic fluctuations were particularly intense during the last few glacial cycles [30] causing extreme rainforest contractions and extinctions, especially in subtropical areas [10]. Volant vertebrates that can ingest fleshy fruits less than or equal to 30 mm are widely distributed across Australian rainforests, while those that can potentially disperse larger fruits and seeds are restricted to more tropical latitudes [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From ratites to rats: the size of fleshy fruits shapes species' distributions and continental rainforest assembly

et al. 2015

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ResearchCite this article: Rossetto M, Kooyman R, Yap J-YS, Laffan SW. 2015 From ratites to rats: the size of fleshy fruits shapes species' distributions and continental rainforest assembly. Seed dispersal is a key process in plant spatial dynamics. However, consistently applicable generalizations about dispersal across scales are mostly absent because of the constraints on measuring propagule dispersal distances for many species. Here, we focus on fleshy-fruited taxa, specifically taxa with large fleshy fruits and their dispersers across an entire continental rainforest biome. We compare species-level results of whole-chloroplast DNA analyses in sister taxa with large and small fruits, to regional plot-based samples (310 plots), and whole-continent patterns for the distribution of woody species with either large (more than 30 mm) or smaller fleshy fruits (1093 taxa). The pairwise genomic comparison found higher genetic distances between populations and between regions in the large-fruited species (Endiandra globosa), but higher overall diversity within the small-fruited species (Endiandra discolor). Floristic comparisons among plots confirmed lower numbers of large-fruited species in areas where more extreme rainforest contraction occurred, and recolonization by small-fruited species readily dispersed by the available fauna. Species' distribution patterns showed that larger-fruited species had smaller geographical ranges than smaller-fruited species and locations with stable refugia (and high endemism) aligned with concentrations of large fleshy-fruited taxa, making them a potentially valuable conservation-planning indicator.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From ratites to rats: the size of fleshy fruits shapes species' distributions and continental rainforest assembly

et al. 2015

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“…This may reflect reliance on starchy forest edge plants and bearded pig attracted to canopy openings 12 . In tropical Australia, the decline of Araucaria and rise of Eucalypts and Casuarina has been correlated with the advent of anthropogenic biomass burning after 40 ka [46][47][48] . Human landscape impacts have also been documented in the montane tropical forests of Highland New Guinea from 45-35 ka, even retarding vegetation re-colonization in the region following the Last Glacial Maximum 49 .…”

Section: Early Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The deep human prehistory of global tropical forests and its relevance for modern conservation

et al. 2017

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Abstract/first paragraphSignificant human impacts on tropical forests have been considered the preserve of recent societies, linked to large-scale deforestation, extensive and intensive agriculture, resource mining, livestock grazing, and urban settlement. Cumulative archaeological evidence now demonstrates, however, that Homo sapiens has actively manipulated tropical forest ecologies for at least 45,000 years. It is clear that these millennia of impacts need to be taken into account when studying and conserving tropical forest ecosystems today. Nevertheless, archaeology has so far provided only limited practical insight into contemporary human-tropical forest interactions. Here, we review significant archaeological evidence for the impacts of past hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists, and urban settlements on global tropical forests. We compare the challenges faced, as well as the solutions adopted, by these groups with those confronting present-day societies, which also rely on tropical forests for a variety of ecosystem services. We emphasise archaeology's importance not only in promoting natural and cultural heritage in tropical forests, but also in taking an active role to inform modern conservation and policy-making.

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“…The timing of the bottleneck in the Wet Tropics cannot be determined as we are unable to estimate effective population size. However, palaeoenvironmental reconstructions (Hopkins et al 1993;Graham et al 2006;Hilbert et al 2007;Kershaw et al 2007;VanDerWal et al 2009) show that rainforest in the Wet Tropics Region was severely reduced through the last glacial cycle, and recovered to approach its pre-European extent in the early Holocene. Habitat contraction provides a potential cause for the decreased populations suggested by Bottleneck.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic excursions in the late Pleistocene dramatically reduced habitat available to organisms dependent on forested landscapes (Hopkins et al 1993;Kershaw 1994;Kershaw et al 2007;VanDerWal et al 2009). Pollen analysis and bioclimatic modelling of rainforest in northeastern Queensland indicate the region was subject to massive change during Quaternary glaciations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional genetic differentiation in the spectacled flying fox (Pteropus conspicillatus Gould)

Fox¹,

Waycott²,

Blair³

et al. 2012

Peopled Landscapes: Archaeological and Biogeographic Approaches to Landscapes

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A complete pollen record of the last 230 ka from Lynch's Crater, north-eastern Australia

Cited by 172 publications

References 34 publications

From ratites to rats: the size of fleshy fruits shapes species' distributions and continental rainforest assembly

From ratites to rats: the size of fleshy fruits shapes species' distributions and continental rainforest assembly

The deep human prehistory of global tropical forests and its relevance for modern conservation

Regional genetic differentiation in the spectacled flying fox (Pteropus conspicillatus Gould)

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