A comprehensive assessment of memory, delay aversion, timing, inhibition, decision making and variability in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: advancing beyond the three-pathway models

Coghill, David; Seth, Sarah; Matthews, Keith

doi:10.1017/s0033291713002547

Cited by 215 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, the clinical heterogeneity of ADHD is patent in many different levels (Wåhlstedt, Thorell, & Bohlin, 2009), most notably at neuropsychological level (Coghill, Seth, & Matthews, 2014;Sjöwall, Backman, & Thorell, 2015;van Hulst, de Zeeuw, & Durston, 2015). Some authors have suggested that it is the deficits in executive function that underlays ADHD-specific difficulties (Barkley, 1997;Castellanos & Tannock, 2002;Gau & Shang, 2010;Sergeant, Geurts, & Oosterlaan, 2002), rendering the executive function deficit as a cognitive endophenotype of ADHD (Castellanos & Tannock, 2002), often associated with the prefrontal cortex, particularly in its dorsolateral area (Smith & Jonides, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH)

2017

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Título: Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH). Resumen: Introducción: Recientemente se ha incrementado el interés en el estudio de los déficits neuropsicológicos que subyacen al TDAH. Entre ellos, destaca la Memoria de Trabajo (MT) en sus dimensiones visoespacial y fonológica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar las diferencias de rendimiento en memoria a corto plazo y memoria de trabajo visoespacial y fonológica entre un grupo control y un grupo clínico, teniendo en cuenta la heterogeneidad clínica del trastorno. Método: Se formó un grupo clínico de 76 niños con un diagnóstico previo de TDAH, divididos según su subtipo clínico: TDAH predominantemente inatento (n = 26, edad M = 10,9, SD = 1,8; 66% varones), y TDAH combinado (n = 50, edad M = 10.8, DT = 1.9; 61.5% varones). Además, se formó un grupo control conformado por niños sin diagnóstico TDAH (n = 40, edad M = 10.2, SD = 1.9; 57.5% varones). A todo ellos se les administró un batería de pruebas para medir la memoria a corto plazo y la memoria de trabajo, tanto visoespacial como fonológica. Resultados: El grupo TDAH obtuvo un peor rendimiento en las tareas de Memoria de Trabajo visoespacial (Tarea Corsi) y fonológica ("Letras y Números" de WISC). Este peor rendimiento se mantuvo también para los subtipos clínicos. No se halló relación entre las dimensiones del TDAH y el rendimiento en las tareas neuropsicológicas empleadas. Discusión: Este estudio aporta evidencia empírica a la hipótesis que sugiere que los niños con TDAH presentan un menor rendimiento en tareas que implican la memoria de Trabajo, tanto respecto a la memoria de trabajo fonológica como visoespacial. Además, los resultados de este estudio sugieren que no existiría una relación entre las dimensiones principales del TDAH y el rendimiento en las tareas de memoria de trabajo. Palabras clave: TDAH; Rendimiento Neuropsicológico; Memoria a Corto Plazo; Memoria de Trabajo Visoespacial; Memoria de Trabajo Fonológica. Abstract: Introduction:The interest in studying the neuropsychological deficits that lie behind ADHD, among which the Working Memory (WM) stands out in its visuospatial and phonological dimensions, has been on increase. The aim of the current study was to explore the performance differences concerning the short-term memory and the visuospatial and phonological working memory among control and clinical groups acknowledging the clinical heterogeneity of the disorder. Method: A group of 76 children with a prior diagnosis of ADHD was divided by the clinical subtype of the disorder: ADHD predominantly inattentive (n = 26, age M = 10,9, SD = 1,8; 66% male), and combined ADHD (n = 50, age M = 10.8, DT = 1.9; 61.5% male). Additionally, a control group of typically developing children was formed (n = 40, age M = 10.2, SD = 1.9; 57.5% male). Both groups completed a task battery to aimed to measure the short-term memory, as well as the visuospatial and phonological working memory. Resul...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH)

2017

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“…[5][6][7] Neuropsychological tests evaluate attention, memory, perception, intelligence, processing speed, resistance to distraction, as well as verbal skills. 25,31 The present findings showed that the neuropsychological performance of children and adolescents has a direct predictive influence on the severity of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms as assessed by participant caretakers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Quality of Life and Symptom Severity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Lemes

Soares

Hattori

et al. 2017

IPMRJ

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Introduction: ADHD is a major reason for the referral of children and adolescents to health care services due to the multidimensional nature of the impairment experienced by patients with this disorder. As such, the aim of this study was to determine whether neuropsychological and academic performance act as significant predictors of symptom intensity and quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD. Method:The sample consisted of 96 children/adolescents with a diagnosis of ADHD, aged between 6 and 16 years (mean=10.23; SD=2.37). Symptom intensity was assessed using the SNAP-IV. The APT was used to evaluate school performance. Neuropsychological assessments were obtained using the WISC-III. Quality of life was determined using the Peds-QL4.0. Results were examined using correlation analysis and general linear models (GLMs).Results: Univariate analyses revealed a significant influence of gender on the severity of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms, as well as physical QOL. Age only influenced the severity of inattention symptoms and the social domain of QOL. The school domain of QOL was predicted by writing, arithmetic, reading and total scores on the APT. Multivariate analyses revealed a significant impact of neuropsychological performance on symptom severity and social quality of life. Academic performance predicted scores on the physical, emotional and social domains of QOL. Discussion:The variables examined in the present study were significant predictors of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. Keywords: ADHD, neuropsychology, child development, quality of life, adolescence International Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Journal Research ArticleOpen Access The identification of predictive and causal relationships between factors associated with ADHD allows for a better comprehension of this condition and a deeper, multidimensional understanding of this area of research. In light of these observations, the aim of this study was to verify whether neuropsychological and academic performance act as predictors of QoL and the severity of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. We also sought to investigate the effects of gender and age on QoL and symptom severity in this population. Predictors of quality of life and symptom severity in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Method ParticipantsThe sample consisted of 96 children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years, with a diagnosis of ADHD. Patients were evaluated between August 2014 until June 2016 in a university reference hospital. Sample size was calculated using G*Power 3.1. 21 The following parameters were considered: statistical power=0.95, alpha error rate=0,05, effect size F²=0.35(high) and 11 possible predictors (Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension Index, Perceptual Organization Index, Freedom from Distractibility Index, Processing Speed Index, Arithmetic Score, Writing Score, Reading Score, Total Achievement Score). The minimum ...

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“…There is substantial molecular epidemiological evidence showing an association between candidate gene SNPs and the pathogenesis of ADHD (67)(68)(69). Most ADHD clinical studies have been conducted in the United States and Europe.…”

Section: -Csrttmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficiency of tumor suppressor NDRG2 leads to attention deficit and hyperactive behavior

Li¹,

Yin²,

Sun

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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A comprehensive assessment of memory, delay aversion, timing, inhibition, decision making and variability in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: advancing beyond the three-pathway models

Abstract: The clinical syndrome of ADHD is neuropsychologically heterogeneous. These data highlight the complexity of the relationships between the different neuropsychological profiles associated with ADHD and the clinical symptoms and functional impairment.

Cited by 215 publications

References 52 publications

Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH)

Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH)

Predictors of Quality of Life and Symptom Severity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Deficiency of tumor suppressor NDRG2 leads to attention deficit and hyperactive behavior

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