A comprehensive experimental databank for the models verification of urban car emission dispersion

Pavageau, Michel; Rafailidis, Stilianos; Schatzmann, Michael

doi:10.1504/ijep.2001.004832

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These investigations, with aspect ratios (Width (W)/Height (H)) of 0.5 to 1, showed that the main vortex shifts upwards within the canyon with decreasing canyon width (DePaul and Sheih, 1986). This also yields much higher pollutant concentrations in a canyon with W/H = 0.5 in comparison to W/H = 1 (Pavageau et al, 1996). For canyons with W/H = 1, the wind speed at the roof level was found to scale linearly with the strength of the vortex flow (Nakamura and Oke, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of Geometry on the Mean Flow within Urban Street Canyons — A Comparison of Wind Tunnel Experiments and Numerical Simulations

Kovar-Panskus¹,

Louka²,

Sini³

et al. 2002

Urban Air Quality — Recent Advances

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Abstract.A comparison between numerical simulations and wind tunnel modelling has been performed to examine the variation with streamwise aspect ratio (width/height, W/H) of the mean flow patterns in a street canyon. For this purpose a two-dimensional (2-D) cavity was subjected to a thick turbulent boundary layer flow perpendicular to its principal axis. Five different test cases, W/H = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 2.0, have been studied experimentally with flow measurements taken using pulsedwire anemometry. The results show that the skimming flow regime, with a large vortex in the canyon, occurred for all the cases investigated. For the cavities with W/H≤0.7 a weaker secondary circulation developed beneath the main vortex. The narrower the canyon, the smaller the wind speed close to the cavity ground, giving increasingly poor ventilation qualities. The corresponding numerical results were obtained with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code CHENSI that uses the standard k-ε model. The intercomparison showed good agreement in terms of the gross features of the mean flow for all the geometries examined, although some detailed differences were observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of Geometry on the Mean Flow within Urban Street Canyons — A Comparison of Wind Tunnel Experiments and Numerical Simulations

Kovar-Panskus¹,

Louka²,

Sini³

et al. 2002

Urban Air Quality — Recent Advances

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“…Moreover the database produced by such an analysis is of great interest for the development of semi-empirical and numerical models, useful for predicting air quality in urban areas. Pavageau et al (2001) performed wind tunnel experiments on a two-dimensional canyon model set in a fetch of two-dimensional canyons that simulated the surrounding city and ensured full development of the internal boundary layer. Different aspect ratios, building heights, roof shapes and canyon lengths were considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Mapping of Air Flow at an Urban Canyon Intersection

Carpentieri

Robins

Baldi

2009

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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In this experimental work both qualitative (flow visualisation) and quantitative (laser Doppler anemometry) methods were applied in a wind tunnel in order to describe the complex 3-dimensional flow field in a real environment (a street canyon intersection). The main aim was an examination of the mean flow, turbulence and flow pathlines characterising a complex 3-dimensional urban location. The experiments highlighted the complexity of the observed flows, particularly in the upwind region of the intersection. In this complex and realistic situation some details of the upwind flow, such as the presence of two tall towers, play an important role in defining the flow field within the intersection, particularly at roof level. This effect is likely to have a strong influence on the mass exchange mechanism between the canopy flow and the air aloft, and therefore the distribution of pollutants. This strong interaction between the flows inside and outside the urban canopy is currently neglected in most state-of-the-art local scale dispersion models.

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“…Thus, studies by Schaedler et al (1996Schaedler et al ( , 1999 and Roeckle and Judges (1995) examined the influence of quality input data on modeled concentrations. As with any model of urban pollution, the most important parameters of the model used as input data are meteorological and background data, traffic data and emission factors that are needed to estimate emissions and topographical conditions (Pavageau et al, 1997).…”

Section: Ospm -A Street Canyon Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%