A comprehensive review of characterization and simulation methods for thermo-stamping of 2D woven fabric reinforced thermoplastics

Gong, Yumei; Song, Zengrui; Hu, Ning; Hu, Ning; Peng, Xiongqi; Wu, Xiaopeng; Zou, Rui; Liu, Feng; Weng, Shayuan; Liu, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108462

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Moreover, Kuhtz et al (2018) characterized the behavior of thermoplastic composites at the forming temperature and determined that thermoforming process is influenced by shear, tensile, bending, and transverse compression properties of the material at this temperature [14]. In particular, the principal deformation mechanisms that influence thermoforming process are intra-ply shearing, shear-tension coupling, bending, and fiber tension [15]. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the mechanical properties of the material, in particular, the shear properties of fabric, that were characterized by Lee et al (2008) [16], and the tool-ply friction behavior, that was studied by Fetfatsidis et al (2013) [17].…”

Section: Of 26mentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Simulation Methodology for Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Composite Materials Considering the Effect of Forming Process on the Structural Performance

et al. 2020

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This research work investigated the influence of the press molding manufacturing process on the mechanical properties, both for thermoplastic and thermosetting fiber reinforced composite materials. The particular geometry of the case study, called Double Dome, was considered in order to verify the behavior of the Thermoplastic and Thermosetting prepreg in terms of shell thickness variation and fibers shear angle evolution during the thermoforming process. The thermoforming simulation was performed using LS-DYNA® Finite Element Analysis (FEA) code, and the results were transferred by Envyo®, a dedicated mapping tool, into a LS-DYNA® virtual model for the structural simulation. A series of Double Dome specimens was produced with industrial equipment, and a bending experimental test was been carried on. Finally, a numerical-experimental correlation was performed, highlighting a significant forecast of the mechanical properties for the considered component.

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Section: Of 26mentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Simulation Methodology for Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Composite Materials Considering the Effect of Forming Process on the Structural Performance

et al. 2020

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“…In hybrid yarn-based preform, the thermoplastic resin is already hybrid with the reinforcing fiber into the continuous textile preform to form intermedia materials for a fast-manufacturing process. In comparison with thermoset preform draping, which needs a long polymerization stage in an autoclave, thermocompression of thermoplastic preform is closer to the biocomposites requirement with advantages such as: more efficient and recyclable, unlimited preform storage life, high potential in reducing cycle time, and cost consuming, and has been widely used for automotive and aeronautical industry [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The mechanical behavior of preforms concerns mainly biaxial tensile, bending and in-plane shear properties [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison with thermoset preform draping, which needs a long polymerization stage in an autoclave, thermocompression of thermoplastic preform is closer to the biocomposites requirement with advantages such as: more efficient and recyclable, unlimited preform storage life, high potential in reducing cycle time, and cost consuming, and has been widely used for automotive and aeronautical industry [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The mechanical behavior of preforms concerns mainly biaxial tensile, bending and in-plane shear properties [ 6 ]. During the thermoforming stage, in-plane shear of the preform is the predominant deformation mode to obtain double curved shapes [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shear angles can be large, and over a limit value which is often called the “locking angle” depending on textile reinforcement properties, the wrinkling will appear even though there is no direct relation between shear angle and wrinkling [ 12 , 13 ]. Once the thermoforming defects are created, they cannot be removed in the cooling stage and are consequently remained in final composites [ 6 ]. Therefore, the study on in-plane shear behavior is very important to improve the fundamental understanding of thermoforming, to provide better notice for reinforcement design and manufacturing condition decision, to avoid the defects formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the Unit Cell Parameters on the Thermomechanical Non-Symmetric In-Plane Shear Behavior of 2D Biaxial Braided Preform for Thermoplastic Biocomposites

et al. 2022

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The identification of thermomechanical in-plane shear behavior of preform is one of the most important factors to ensure the quality of the thermoplastic composites during the thermoforming process. In this present work, the non-symmetric in-plane shear behavior of flax/polypropylene 2D biaxial braided preform for thermoplastic biocomposites was characterized at elevated temperature chamber by using bias-extension test. Analytical models of a bias-extension test based on non-symmetric unit cell geometry for 2D biaxial braids were defined and applied; the thermo-condition-dependent experiments were conducted to study the temperature and displacement rate dependences. The influence of unit cell geometry parameters including braiding angle, tow waviness, and cover factor on the thermal in-plane shear behavior was deeply invested, experiments in both axial and transversal directions were performed for a complete study, and asymmetric scissor mechanisms for in-plane shear behavior were introduced and studied. Finally, a simulation of thermal impregnation distribution based on unit cell geometry was made to clarify the importance of the overall fiber volume fraction.

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“…[4] There are many methods to manufacture cCFRTs components, such as filament winding, [5] resin transfer molding (RTM) [6][7][8][9] and hot stamping. [10,11] Although RTM process can manufacture complex shape components, it still has some drawbacks. For instance, high resin viscosity makes it difficult to impregnate the fabric adequately under low pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Joule heating and deconsolidation behavior of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites under self‐resistance electric heating

et al. 2021

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As an effective heating method, self-resistance electric (SRE) heating was applied for welding, hot stamping and curing process of composites. In this study, the characterization of Joule heating and deconsolidation behavior of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (CFR-PA6) laminate under SRE heating were investigated. A series of experiments were performed to build the relationship among geometry sizes, current density and temperature response. Then the relationship between the temperature rising rate and current density of CFR-PA6 laminate with twill weave fabric was determined. The temperature evolution of specimen with a hole under SRE heating was also discussed. Furthermore, the deconsolidation behavior of CFR-PA6 specimens under SRE heating as well as oven heating was characterized through macroscopic and mesoscopic properties. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) tests of specimens were also conducted. The results indicate that the temperature response of CFR-PA6 laminate is mainly determined by the current density and their relationship can be described by a quadratic function. It is found that voids appear both inside the fiber bundles and resin-rich areas owing to the thermal mismatch between the resin and carbon fibers after SRE heating, while no voids inside the fiber bundles were observed after oven heating. The deconsolidation behavior of laminate after SRE heating reduces the ILSS.

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A comprehensive review of characterization and simulation methods for thermo-stamping of 2D woven fabric reinforced thermoplastics

Cited by 34 publications

References 98 publications

Validation of a Simulation Methodology for Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Composite Materials Considering the Effect of Forming Process on the Structural Performance

Validation of a Simulation Methodology for Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Composite Materials Considering the Effect of Forming Process on the Structural Performance

Influence of the Unit Cell Parameters on the Thermomechanical Non-Symmetric In-Plane Shear Behavior of 2D Biaxial Braided Preform for Thermoplastic Biocomposites

Characterization of Joule heating and deconsolidation behavior of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites under self‐resistance electric heating

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