A Comprehensive Review of Lithium-Ion Capacitor Technology: Theory, Development, Modeling, Thermal Management Systems, and Applications

Abstract

This review paper aims to provide the background and literature review of a hybrid energy storage system (ESS) called a lithium-ion capacitor (LiC). Since the LiC structure is formed based on the anode of lithium-ion batteries (LiB) and cathode of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), a short overview of LiBs and EDLCs is presented following the motivation of hybrid ESSs. Then, the used materials in LiC technology are elaborated. Later, a discussion regarding the current knowledge and recent development related to electro-thermal and lifetime modeling for the LiCs is given. As the performance and lifetime of LiCs highly depends on the operating temperature, heat transfer modeling and heat generation mechanisms of the LiC technology have been introduced, and the published papers considering the thermal management of LiCs have been listed and discussed. In the last section, the applications of LiCs have been elaborated.

Li-Doped Bioactive Ceramics: Promising Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

“…Li is widely used to store energy, particularly in batteries [ 265 , 266 , 267 , 268 ] and capacitors [ 269 , 270 ], and we foresee nanogenerators [ 271 ] (including stimuli-responsive nanogenerators, e.g., photoactivatable nanogenerators [ 272 ]) will have broad applications in medical fields, such as regenerative medicine, rehabilitation, and cancer treatment [ 273 , 274 , 275 , 276 ], particularly as nanogenerators have been shown to increase the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer [ 277 ]. Therefore, Li-doped bioceramics may be good candidates for nanogenerators for advanced multifunctional systems in cancer treatments and regenerative medicine [ 272 , 278 ].…”

Crystal phase and morphology engineering of ω-Li3V2O5nanospheres for high-rate lithium-ion capacitors

“…However, lithium ion capacitors (LICs) are emerging as highly promising energy storage devices, owing to this hybrid device exhibiting both high power density and high energy density. [8][9][10] As a hybrid of LIBs and SCs, LICs are combined with the faradaic anode and the capacitive cathode. The combination of the two types of electrodes gives LICs unique advantages.…”

Thermal monitoring of lithium-ion batteries based on machine learning and fibre Bragg grating sensors

“…Battery temperature estimation models still play a key role in keeping battery safety. Among the common battery thermal estimation models (Jiang et al, 2022; Karimi et al, 2022; Mahamud and Park, 2022), machine learning (ML) can be utilized to efficiently estimate the temperature variations of LiBs (Liu et al, 2018) as ML does not need the knowledge or data of the internal characteristics of the batteries (Li et al, 2022) and is able to learn the linear and/or nonlinear system dynamics.…”