A Comprehensive Review of Thermal Design and Analysis of Traction Motors

Roy, Pratik; Towhidi, Muhammad; Ahmed, Firoz; Bourgault, Alexandre J.; Mukandan, Shruthi; Balamurali, Aiswarya; Kar, Narayan C.

doi:10.1109/isie.2019.8781230

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The simple and economical air-cooled motor (ACM) with a fan at the end of the shaft influences the air inside and promotes heat exchange with the environment. The air-cooling system, however, does not completely meet the increasing demand for heat dissipation [14,58,62]. Investigations were done thoroughly on the temperature control approaches, such as an oil spray end winding cooling, liquid cooling by automatic transmission fluid (ATF), forced air-cooling, cooling through phase change materials, and the potting of stator windings with high thermal conductivity materials [57].…”

Section: Cooling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are the prime movers in the automotive, rail, marine, and aerospace conveyance sectors [57]. The synchronous motor and induction motor are the two types of traction that motors mostly utilize in EVs [58]. In hybrid drives, basic recommendations have been made for the design of a traction motor, such as that of the spatially constricted space and the necessity for a high power density and high torque density.…”

Section: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Mapping of a High-Speed Electric Motor Used for Traction Applications and Analysis of Various Cooling Methods—A Review

et al. 2021

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This paper gives a comprehensive review of advanced cooling schemes and their applications to the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), as well as investigating the electrical motor’s topologies its thermal design issues, materials and performances. Particularly, the electromagnetic and electric performances, machine sizing, together with the structural design, are given. In addition, the work addresses the motor’s material design and properties along with its insulation performance, which is the main goal of optimization. Mainly, thermal mapping with analysis is provided according to the different cooling methods, including air-cooling, water-cooling, oil-cooling, heat-pipe-cooling, potting silicon gelatin cooling, and as well as cooling strategies for tubes and microchannels. The most common special features and demands of the PMSMs are described in the appearance of the motor’s failures caused by uncontrolled temperature rise. In addition, heat sources and energy losses, including copper loss, core loss versus motor speed, and output power, are analyzed. The review of the proposed cooling methods that will achieve the required heat transfer of the PMSM is presented with numerical simulations and measurements data. A review of numerical methods and results, including the finite element methods (FEM), such as the Ansys CFD software, to obtain a high-accuracy thermal mapping model of the PMSM system is given. The revived methods and design requirements due to PMSM temperature profile and cooling flow at different rotor speeds and torque loads are investigated. Finally, the motor design recommendations, including the newly developed cooling solutions, which enable it to effectively redistribute the temperature and heat transfer, increasing the efficiency of the PMSM machine, are laid out.

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Section: Cooling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motormentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Mapping of a High-Speed Electric Motor Used for Traction Applications and Analysis of Various Cooling Methods—A Review

et al. 2021

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“…These methods allow the analysis of complex geometries. However, they are quite demanding to set up, and the required computation time is significant, especially when complex geometries are analyzed [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, numerical methods are used to calculate the conductive heat transfer between solids, instead of convection in fluids [1]. As these are numerical tools, any kind of geometry can be modeled with them, allowing precise calculations no matter the shape of the model [1][2][3][4]. However, the convective heat transfer cannot be evaluated in these simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Thermal Analysis Tool for Linear Machines

et al. 2021

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The thermal design is one of the most important stages in the design process of electrical machines. Thanks to software packages, like Motor-CAD, rotating machine designers can predict the thermal operation of the machines with high precision. However, a Motor-CAD equivalent for linear machines does not exist. Thus, linear machine designers must develop specific thermal analysis tools when designing the machines. In this article, a generic thermal analysis tool for different kinds of linear machines is presented. The model has been designed in MATLAB Simulink. Hence, it should be easy to implement for most engineers. The article describes the configuration of the different elements of the tool. The calibration parameters and procedure, and typical values of the calibration variables, are also given in the document. Finally, in order to demonstrate the generic nature of the tool, the model is experimentally validated via DC thermal tests to a linear induction machine and a linear switched-flux permanent magnet machine. The results show that, despite being simple and easy to implement, the model can predict the thermal operation of different machines with high precision.

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