A comprehensive review on occurrence, source, effect, and measurement techniques of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in India

Singh, S. P.; Ashesh, Akriti; Devi, Ningombam Linthoingambi; Yadav, Ishwar Chandra

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2022.108005

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…This result was similar to that in Huanggang City, Central China, thus showing that the main sources of PM 2.5 -bound PAHs were vehicle emissions (56.8%), coal and biomass burning (29.5%), and petroleum sources (13.7%) [53]. This result was comparable to that in urban and rural sites in Jamshedpur, India, which exhibited that vehicular emissions contributed more than 80% of atmospheric PAHs [54].…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Size-Resolved Particles in the Roadside Environment of Beijing: Seasonality, Source, and Toxicological Effects

Tian,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in size-resolved particles emitted from diverse sources are required for quantification to reduce the emissions in order to protect public health. Twenty-four PAHs in size-segregated particles in the roadside environment of Beijing were observed from 1 October 2021 to 30 September 2022. The size distributions of PAHs were bimodal, with peak concentrations ranging from size fractions of 0.43 to 0.65 μm and 4.7 to 5.8 μm in all four seasons, respectively. The highest concentration of PAHs in fine particles (PM2.1) was 35.3 ng m−3 in winter, followed by 16.0 ng m−3 in autumn, 15.3 ng m−3 in spring, and 6.5 ng m−3 in summer. Conversely, the concentration of PAHs in coarse particles (PM2.1–9) ranged from 6.8 ng m−3 (summer) to 20.5 ng m−3 (winter) from low to high. The size fractions of 0.43–2.1 μm PAHs increased most from clear to polluted days, which could be ascribed to the heterogeneous reactions. Source apportionment using positive matrix factorization showed that four sources, namely biomass combustion, coal combustion, diesel vehicles, and gasoline vehicles accounted for PAHs with the estimation of 17.4%, 22.1%, 26.4%, and 23.2% to PAHs in PM2.1; and 19.6%, 24.3%, 23.6%, and 20.1% in PM2.1–9, respectively. Furthermore, we used the human alveolar epithelial cell (BEAS-2B) to assess the toxicological effects of size-resolved atmospheric PAHs. The results showed that the cell survival rate caused by fine particles was lower than that of coarse particles with the same concentrations of PAHs, which is mainly related to the higher content of highly toxic PAHs in fine particles.

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confidence: 82%

Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Size-Resolved Particles in the Roadside Environment of Beijing: Seasonality, Source, and Toxicological Effects

Tian,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants that are extensively distributed in the water, environment, soil, and sediment [ 12 , 13 ]. They are ubiquitous environmental organic contaminants composed of two or more fused aromatic rings [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Groundwater from Campania Plain: Spatial Distribution, Source Attribution and Health Cancer Risk Evaluation

Montuori

Rosa

Pellegrino

et al. 2023

Toxics

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 1168 groundwater samples of the Campania Plain (Southern Italy), taken using a municipal environmental pressure index (MIEP), and to analyze the distribution of these compounds to determine source PAHs using ratios of isomers diagnostic. Lastly, this study also aimed to estimate the potential health cancer risk in groundwaters. The data indicated that the highest concentration of PAHs was found in groundwater from Caserta Province and the contents of BghiP, Phe, and Nap were detected in the samples. The spatial distribution of these pollutants was evaluated using the Jenks method; moreover, the data indicated that incremental lifetime cancer risk ILCRingestion ranged from 7.31 × 10−20 to 4.96 × 10−19, while ILCRdermal ranged from 4.32 × 10−11 to 2.93 × 10−10. These research findings may provide information about the Campania Plain’s groundwater quality and aid in the development of preventative measures to lessen PAH contamination in groundwater.

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Benzo Alpha Pyrene Inventory in Different Environmental Media, India

Priyanka,

Meena,

Qureshi

2024

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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A comprehensive review on occurrence, source, effect, and measurement techniques of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in India

Cited by 15 publications

References 109 publications

Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Size-Resolved Particles in the Roadside Environment of Beijing: Seasonality, Source, and Toxicological Effects

Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Size-Resolved Particles in the Roadside Environment of Beijing: Seasonality, Source, and Toxicological Effects

Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Groundwater from Campania Plain: Spatial Distribution, Source Attribution and Health Cancer Risk Evaluation

Benzo Alpha Pyrene Inventory in Different Environmental Media, India

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