A comprehensive study on maxillofacial trauma conducted in Yamunanagar, India

Abstract

Abstract:Background:The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, D.A.V [C] Dental College and Hospital, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India conducted a study on patients with maxillofacial fractures in a time span of seven years (2003-2010). The purpose of this study was to evaluate their aetiology, incidence, patterns and different modalities employed for management.Methods:In this study, 740 patients with 1054 fractures were evaluated clinically and radiographically, based on which closed reduction and open reduction was undertaken. Review of patient records included: Age, sex, time, mechanism and etiology of injury, history of bleeding, unconsciousness and prior first aid, type of vehicle and use of preventive measures, type of fracture and treatment modalities. Results:Road traffic accidents accounted for highest number of fractures predominantly occurring in the age group of 21-30 years (38.3%)1,2. Males incurred more fractures with a male female ratio of 4.2: 1.Mandible was the most commonly fractured bone with parasymphysis being the commonest affected site.76.66% patients had associated head injury and 15.68 % had history of unconsciousness. Open reduction and internal fixation was the preferred modality for mandible whereas the mid face fractures were treated more often by closed methods.Conclusions:Injuries occurred more commonly in 20 – 40 age range with road traffic accident being the major etiological factor. Majority of the patients were driving two wheelers and most were under the effect of alcohol. Most of the injuries occurred during night and road traffic accidents (71.89%) were found to be the major etiological factor. Out of 532 road traffic accidents, 490 patients (66.2%) were on two wheelers, among whom 49(10%) were wearing helmet. In the mandible, fractures occurred most commonly in the parasymphyseal region (224, 30.2%), and out of the 314 fractures of the middle third showed, 155 (49.4%) ZMC. OPG was the most commonly advised X-ray. With regard to treatment modalities, 36.8% of all the mandibular fractures (740) were treated by closed reduction, 62.6% were treated using open reduction and 0.5% was under observation only.

A Retrospective Study of Oral and Maxillofacial Injuries in an Emergency Hospital in Southern Brazi

“…Young adults between 20 and 35 years old also showed a high prevalence of OMF injuries, which is in agreement with similar studies describing prevalence between 27% and 58% [1,10,18,26,27,29]. Young adults have a higher exposure to risk factors, such as alcohol and drug use, and involvement with physical aggression [34].…”

“…The higher prevalence of cases in the afternoon and night shifts can be explained by increased active nightlife with gathering in clubs and bars, and the consequent increase in traffic, in addition to the fact that people are sleepier and prone to accidents [26]. Also in this sense, weekends are associated with higher consumption of alcohol and increased traffic due to family outings and sports practice [14].…”

Meta Analysis of Etiology and its Clinical and Radiological Correlation in Cases of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma

“…Bali and Sharma [55] concluded in their study that mandible was the most commonly fractured bone with parasymphysis being the commonest affected site. In our study, condylar fracture was the most common fracture that occurred in the mandible.…”

Evaluation of Influencing Factors and commonly Involving Side in Maxillofacial Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents by Motorized Two Wheelers: A Cross-sectional Study

“…Subhashraj et al 13 reported that motorbike accidents are frequent in India due to socioeconomic conditions, speeding, and not wearing a helmet or safety equipment. Bali et al 14 reported that road traffic accidents being 71.9% are commonly in the 20 to 40 age group; most of them were driving two wheelers and mostly under the effect of alcohol. A total of 66.2% were on two wheelers, among whom 10% were wearing the helmet.…”