A conceptual framework for dryland aeolian sediment transport along the grassland–forest continuum: Effects of woody plant canopy cover and disturbance

Breshears, David D.; Whicker, Jeffrey J.; Zou, Chris B.; Field, James A.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.12.018

Cited by 95 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…But when a grass patch is denuded (as can be caused by overgrazing) and the soil is exposed to wind action, there is a "double-whammy" effect: not only is the potential for recapturing the sediment lost, but also the wind causes the bare patch to generate additional sediment (Field et al 2012). In the absence of disturbance, shrublands may inherently generate more wind-derived sediment than grasslands, as they have greater surface roughness as well as less intercanopy ground cover (Breshears et al 2009). Aeolian erosional processes may also be interrelated with fire dynamics (Ravi et al 2007b(Ravi et al , 2009Field et al 2011a).…”

Section: Wind and Water Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Wilcox

Maitre²,

Jobbágy

et al. 2017

Rangeland Systems

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This chapter is organized around the concept of ecohydrological processes that are explicitly tied to ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are benefits that people receive from ecosystems. We focus on (1) the regulating services of water distribution, water purification, and climate regulation; (2) the supporting services of water and nutrient cycling and soil protection and restoration; and (3) the provisioning services of water supply and biomass production. Regulating services are determined at the first critical juncture of the water cycle-on the soil surface, where water either infiltrates or becomes overland flow. Soil infiltrability is influenced by vegetation, grazing intensity, brush management, fire patterns, condition of biological soil crusts, and activity by fauna. At larger scales, water-regulating services are influenced by other factors, such as the nature and structure of riparian zones and the presence of shallow groundwater aquifers. Provisioning services are those goods or products that are directly produced from ecosystems, such as water, food, and fiber. Work over the last several decades has largely overturned the notion

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Section: Wind and Water Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Wilcox

Maitre²,

Jobbágy

et al. 2017

Rangeland Systems

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“…The heterogeneous nature of the vegetation in drylands is thought to be controlled by processes of upslope water erosion and sedimentation, and complex interactions among individual plants and the surrounding soil matrix (Puigdefébregas and Sanchez, 1996;Bochet et al, 1999;Reid et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2007;Ravi et al, 2008). Both the movement and storage of water within shrublands is highly variable (e.g., Breshears et al, 2009). These issues make it extremely difficult to model or predict likely hydrological responses to changes in management or climate.…”

Section: Ecohydrological Consequences Of Shrub Encroachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland ecohydrology and climate change: critical issues and technical advances

Wang

D’Odorico

Evans

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

264

135

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Abstract. Drylands cover about 40 % of the terrestrial land surface and account for approximately 40 % of global net primary productivity. Water is fundamental to the biophysical processes that sustain ecosystem function and food production, particularly in drylands where a tight coupling exists between ecosystem productivity, surface energy balance, biogeochemical cycles, and water resource availability. Currently, drylands support at least 2 billion people and comprise both natural and managed ecosystems. In this synthesis, we identify some current critical issues in the understanding of dryland systems and discuss how arid and semiarid environments are responding to the changes in climate and land use. The issues range from societal aspects such as rapid population growth, the resulting food and water security, and development issues, to natural aspects such as ecohydrological consequences of bush encroachment and the causes of desertification. To improve current understanding and inform upon the needed research efforts to address these critical issues, we identify some recent technical advances in terms of monitoring dryland water dynamics, water budget and vegetation water use, with a focus on the use of stable isotopes and remote sensing. These technological advances provide new tools that assist in addressing critical issues in dryland ecohydrology under climate change.

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“…16-40% cover [43]), the increased drag and shear stress resulting from the presence of multiple elements may only be partly absorbed by the plants themselves. This results in stress being transferred to the inter-canopy surface, and potentially greater sediment transport [52,75]. In the case of skimming flow (>~40% cover [43]), the increased drag from the vegetation acts to displace z 0 upwards (establishing a zero-plane displacement height, d), which simultaneously extracts momentum from the surface wind and increases wind shear stress above the canopy (e.g., [47][48][49][50][51][52]76,77]).…”

Section: Introduction: the Drylands Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation in Drylands: Effects on Wind Flow and Aeolian Sediment Transport

Mayaud

Webb

2017

Land

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Drylands are characterised by patchy vegetation, erodible surfaces and erosive aeolian processes. Empirical and modelling studies have shown that vegetation elements provide drag on the overlying airflow, thus affecting wind velocity profiles and altering erosive dynamics on desert surfaces. However, these dynamics are significantly complicated by a variety of factors, including turbulence, and vegetation porosity and pliability effects. This has resulted in some uncertainty about the effect of vegetation on sediment transport in drylands. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the effects of dryland vegetation on wind flow and aeolian sediment transport processes. In particular, wind transport models have played a key role in simplifying aeolian processes in partly vegetated landscapes, but a number of key uncertainties and challenges remain. We identify potential future avenues for research that would help to elucidate the roles of vegetation distribution, geometry and scale in shaping the entrainment, transport and redistribution of wind-blown material at multiple scales. Gaps in our collective knowledge must be addressed through a combination of rigorous field, wind tunnel and modelling experiments.

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A conceptual framework for dryland aeolian sediment transport along the grassland–forest continuum: Effects of woody plant canopy cover and disturbance

Cited by 95 publications

References 58 publications

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Dryland ecohydrology and climate change: critical issues and technical advances

Vegetation in Drylands: Effects on Wind Flow and Aeolian Sediment Transport

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