A conical-type X-ray guide tube for diffraction experiments with small crystals

Abstract

The divergence and intensity distribution of X‐rays transported through a conical‐type X‐ray guide tube (XGT) were measured. Diverging X‐rays from a point source were condensed by use of the conical‐type XGT. The parallelism of X‐rays through the XGT was better than that encountered for a cylindrical‐type XGT proposed previously [Nakazawa (1983). J. Appl. Cryst.16, 239–241]. The intensity of the X‐ray beam around the central axis of the conical‐type XGT was exceedingly high in comparison with that measured without the tube and almost uniform over a cross‐sectional area 60 μm in diameter. The high intensity provides the possibility of performing diffraction experiments with crystals as small as 20 μm in diameter with a conventional X‐ray diffraction system.

Enhancement of XRF intensity by using Au-coated glass monocapillary

“…A -XRF instrument consists of a micro focus x-ray tube and a capillary optic. Several applications of -XRF have been reported [2][3][4]. In order to obtain the  x-ray beam, the simplest approach is to use the collimator [5].…”

“…A micro-XRF instrument consists of a microfocus X-ray tube and a capillary optics. Several applications of micro-XRF have been reported ͑Nozaki and Nakazawa, 1986;Yamamoto and Hosokawa, 1988;Bjeoumikhov et al, 2005͒. In order to obtain an incident micro-X-ray beam for an XRF analysis, the simplest approach is to use a collimator ͑Jones, 1993͒. However, the collimator with a small pinhole cannot focus incident X-rays emitted from an X-ray tube, and the X-ray beam remains to be diverged after passing through the pinhole.…”

Micro X-ray fluorescence using a pinhole aperture in quasi-contact mode

“…m-XRF has been studied by many researchers. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Only an excerpt of the long list of previously published papers on this topic is referenced here. Readers can find references to other works, for example, in ref.…”

“…1 Monocapillary X-ray lenses are also useful for m-XRF analysis. [8][9][10] X-ray beams with diameters of 50 nm obtained by using a monocapillary have been reported. 9 X-ray microscopes using an X-ray guide tube (monocapillary) are commercially available.…”