A Consensus-Based Secondary Control Strategy for Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids With Experimental Validation

Espina, Enrique; Cárdenas, Roberto; Simpson-Porco, John W.; Sáez, Doris; Kazerani, M.

doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3031539

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The proposed protocol in (7), (6) gives the following result. Theorem 1: Consider the control protocol described in (7) and (6) implemented by the ILC of a hybrid MG.…”

Section: B Distributed Control For Economic Dispatchmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The additional DC-side network is used to interface DC-based DGs with Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), reducing energy conversion steps in the process [2], [3]. The operation of a hybrid MG is possible due to the Interlinking Converter (ILC), which allows bidirectional energy transfer between AC and DC sides; moreover, some authors have suggested the utilization of clusters of ILCs to manage the energy transfer [4]- [6], as depicted on Fig. 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secondary control is in charge of the voltage and frequency restorations (maintaining the power-sharing), whereas the tertiary control adjusts the power flow of the MG to achieve specific goals such as the economic dispatch (some authors perform the economic dispatch at the secondary control level [1], [9], [10]). In terms of multi-objective control, most research efforts have been mainly focused on developing optimization-based techniques in MGs [11]; although one can find distributed algorithms synchronizing voltage and reactive power simultaneously according to a fixed trade-off parameter [6], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Objective Finite-Time Control for the Interlinking Converter on Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

et al. 2021

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Hybrid AC/DC microgrids are of special interest for energization due to their flexibility, low infrastructure investments, reduced conversion losses, and reliability against failures on the utility grid. In these systems, global economic dispatch needs communication between the AC and DC subgrids to achieve a near-optimal solution since the incremental costs of all generators need to be equalized. Hence, this paper proposes a distributed coordination between generators by means of a finite-time controller for the microgrid's interlinking converter, which ensures an economic operation while taking care of the microgrid power utilization. The latter implies that a multi-objective control is performed by the interlinking converter, which uses shared variables of incremental costs and average powers from distributed generators in AC and DC sides. Also, an adaptive weighting method is proposed to adjust the control effort regarding the average power utilization of a side microgrid. The controller's performance is verified through simulations and experimental setups. Results show that the proposed strategy is able to perform a trade-off between the two control objectives while achieving a finite-time convergence even though communication delays exist.INDEX TERMS Economic dispatch, distributed control, finite-time control, hybrid AC/DC microgrid, multi-objective control.

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“…The proposed protocol in (7), (6) gives the following result. Theorem 1: Consider the control protocol described in (7) and (6) implemented by the ILC of a hybrid MG.…”

Section: B Distributed Control For Economic Dispatchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Objective Finite-Time Control for the Interlinking Converter on Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

et al. 2021

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“…As for the coordination control of a HMG, Espina et al proposed a consensus-based secondary control strategy for HMG [16]. The proposed control scheme improves the power-sharing accuracy and secondary control restoration of the variables in both AC and DC sides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bus-Sectionalized Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid: Concept, Control Paradigm, and Implementation

Cai

Yang

et al. 2021

Energies

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In the last several years, the coordination control of hybrid AC/DC microgrids (HMGs) has been gaining increasingly more attention. However, most of these discussions are focused on single-bus HMGs whose AC or DC bus is not sectionalized by AC or DC breakers. Compared with these single-bus HMGs, the bus-sectionalized HMG has more flexible topologies, more diverse operation modes, and consequently higher service reliability. However, meanwhile, these benefits also bring challenges to the stable operation of bus-sectionalized HMGs, particularly for mode switching. Relying on the national HMG demonstrative project in Shaoxing, China, this paper makes efforts to present the hierarchical control paradigm of a typical bus-sectionalized HMG toward standardization. The test results demonstrate that the proposed system provides seamless switching and uninterrupted power supply without controller reconfiguration among different operation modes. The operational data are also brought forth and analyzed to provide significant and useful experiences for designing and developing similar HMGs in the future.

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“…The use of droops to optimize the power management in the microgrid and interlinking converters are carried out in [19]. The study in [20] proposes a novel strategy for distributed secondary control of hybrid AC/DC microgrids that coordinates the control actions of the AC and DC sides. The use of droop is also used in [21] to optimize the droop characteristics of DGs and interlinking converters for global power sharing in a multi‐DG microgrid regardless of DG location and type by proposing an optimal‐power‐flow‐based optimal power sharing (OPS) scheme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced transient response and seamless interconnection of multi‐microgrids based on an adaptive control scheme

Pasha

Moursi

Zeineldin

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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The interconnection of microgrids to form a network known as the multi-microgrid (MMG) brings higher resilience and support in providing power to the loads. The dynamic response during interconnection is usually bypassed with the addition of synchro-checkers installed on all the microgrids and the exchange of critical setting points between the microgrids prior to interconnection via a low-bandwidth communication. This paper introduces a novel decentralized framework for maintaining the voltage and frequency of the microgrids within permissible operating range during the interconnection. The proposed control strategy is triggered when the microgrids violate the defined states of operation and the fast control action from each type of Distributed Generation (DG) in the microgrid is designed to tackle the transients in the voltage and frequency in order to regulate them within the IEEE standards. Moreover, the study is extended to evaluate the performance of interconnecting single microgrids to form MMG using the decentralized proposed control strategy and then sectionalizing the MMG back into separate autonomous microgrids. The results have been verified using PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed control strategy demonstrates superior performance and simplicity for carrying out the energy management for interconnecting and sectionalizing of MMG without any kind of communication and synchro-check infrastructures.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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A Consensus-Based Secondary Control Strategy for Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids With Experimental Validation

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Multi-Objective Finite-Time Control for the Interlinking Converter on Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

Multi-Objective Finite-Time Control for the Interlinking Converter on Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

A Bus-Sectionalized Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid: Concept, Control Paradigm, and Implementation

Enhanced transient response and seamless interconnection of multi‐microgrids based on an adaptive control scheme

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