A consumer‐oriented technique for planned residential developments

Abstract

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to examine the identification and engagement of future inhabitants in planning processes for residential developments using a new ''4Ps'' participation method, where the 4Ps denote public, private and people are in partnership. This form of participation gives new information, related to consumers' residential choice, unlike those environments produced by using other participation methods. Design/methodology/approach -The empirical study is based on innovation theory where endusers are primary stakeholders in the innovation process, and even innovators themselves. A case study of a new participation method based on a two-phase internet questionnaire is used to research practical solutions in integrating end-users into urban planning process. Findings -This paper demonstrates that the widely used theory of communicative action in planning and its aim of increasing citizens' activity in planning and development processes can be developed to the stage that it also includes future inhabitants as stakeholders. Thus urban planning processes become innovative and customer-oriented through their openness, end-user orientation and interpretative nature. Originality/value -The case study findings indicate that the new participation method described here gives flexibility and benefits to all stakeholders and is a method to create consumer-desirable neighbourhoods. Engaging future inhabitants in planning processes opens previously unseen potential for including consumerist possibilities for cities and developers. This paper illustrates that this new 4Ps participation method makes comprehensive participatory planning and development possible through giving an opportunity to include consumers' opinions and needs into an alternative to traditional communicative planning.

Are the Greenhouse Gas Implications of New Residential Developments Understood Wrongly?

“…Judging by the building types, the number of apartments in the area, and the projected number of residents, we assumed the area would attract similar residents to those who currently reside in similar buildings in Espoo. This assumption, that similar areas within a city attracting similar residents, is supported by the findings of Majamaa et al [19]. The residents in similar terraced, detached and semi-detached houses in Espoo are affluent families with a high income and a high consumption volume.…”

“…However, reducing the carbon emissions by attracting less affluent residents would not affect the GHGs from a wider perspective, as the more affluent would just reside somewhere else. Notwithstanding, both Majamaa et al [19] and the area qualities suggest that the profile resident is fairly representative of the future residents.…”

Including prospective tenants and homeowners in the urban development process in Finland

“…We point to a new model of PPPs in urban planning and residential development based on the fourth P: the People. This new 4P model has been present already in work by, for example, Majamaa et al (2008), Majamaa (2008), Kuronen et al (2010) and Staffans et al (2010) when analysing the development of single cases. Finally, we discuss the practical implications of the 4P model and consider its value from the perspective of all stakeholders involved in Finnish urban development processes.…”

“…Stakeholders and participation acts in Hista (and Nupurinkartano). After Majamaa et al (2008) The idea of 4P participation and future inhabitants' identification is to make the process open at all stages, including the planning and construction as well as the operating stage. This method gives the future inhabitants different ways to participate in an open and fluid participation process at all stages of the project life cycle.…”

Collectivism and Customer Orientation among Nurses: A Case Study in Iran

“…Hoffman and Ingram believe that customer orientation for a service organization is equal to the concept of marketing for a production organization (Hoffman & Ingram, 1992). On the other hand, customers' perception of the quality of provided services directs their behavior towards service systems' employees and consequently this behavior has significant impacts on employees (Lin, 2008;Majamaa et al, 2008). The most outstanding impact that more recent researches in the field of services organizations' personnel mention is feeling satisfaction and willingness and tendency to show more decent, appropriate, and effective behaviors with customers and clients (Moorman & Blakely, 1995;Dimitriades, 2007).…”