Abstract. Gradient elastic effects associated with the existence of an cohesion type interphase layer, within a simple and robust gradient model are discussed. Classical and gradient solutions within a simple and robust fracture model whose properties are described by the harmonic and Helmholtz equations, are compared. It is shown that using the gradient solution can be explain the various mechanisms of fracture for the microcrystalline structures in dependence from scale parameter, which can be defined in terms of standard characteristics of materials. We established the equation for the tensor of energy, within a gradient model and adhesion model. Conservation law for the tensor of energy and J-integral equation were formulated for the continual gradient adhesion model.
IntroductionThe development of continuum media models accounting for various micro/nanostructures beyond the theory of classical elasticity appears to be crucial for the description of not only short-range interactions and cohesion forces, but also for the modeling of other size-dependent effects in the framework of generalized elasticity and plasticity theories. Such robust gradient were developed initially by Aifantis and co-workers in the early eighties [1,2], for gradient plasticity and in the early ninties [3,4] for gradient elasticity, respectively. Following the publication of Aifantis's initial models, various gradient theories appeared and applied to interface, shear banding dislocation and size effect and composite problems [5][6][7]. In the listed works the variants of gradient models for the description of cohesion scale-effect (without adhesive interactions) are developed. It has been argued some time, that gradient theories may be quite effective to describe phenomenologically the influence of underlying microstructures, and have been used for capturing scale effects in miniaturized components and devices [7][8][9]]. In connections with the present works it is noted that Lurie and co-workes [10][11][12][13][14] have employed a first-order unified gradient model of the medium with conserved dislocations to describe a spectrum of various surface phenomena and scale effects, and an applied interphase layer model was also proposed [15][16][17][18]. These applied gradient models contain essentially only one additional physical parameter to account for straingradient effects; more so, in particular, since they also provide a sufficient description of the cohesion field with adhesion interactions in the contact zone between different components. In this paper, using the gradient theory, we construct an analytical asymptotic solution for the model problem in the mechanics of fracture. We show that in contrast to the classical theory of gradient elasticity theory gives a non-singular solution for the crack. The novelty of the approach lies on the fact that the gradient theory allows us to construct asymptotic solutions of varying smoothness of the crack tip. In addition, we constructed an expression for the energy tensor and developed J in...