A contribution to the chemical characterization of rivers in the Rio Negro Basin, Brazil

Küchler, Ivo L.; Miekeley, Norbert; Forsberg, Bruce R.

doi:10.1590/s0103-50532000000300015

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…HA was tested at 0 (control), 10, 25 and 50 mg L -1 HA, the latter corresponding to the nominal DOC concentration of 20 mg C L -1 . These concentrations were chosen because they are within the range observed in the water of the rio Negro Basin (KÜCHLER et al 2000). At each concentration of HA, four pH ranges were tested, with the following minimum values: 3.8, 4.0, 4.2 and 7.0 (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DOC is known to positively regulate several biotic/abiotic processes (STEINBERG et al 2007, WOOD et al 2011. In blackwaters, such as those found in forest streams in the Amazon, coastal lagoons in southeastern Brazil, Finnish and Swedish lakes, and Canadian wetlands, DOC may range from 10 to 300 mg CL -1 , while its average content in freshwater systems elsewhere is 0.5-4.0 mg CL -1 (THURMAN 1985, KÜCHLER et al 2000, FARJALLA et al 2009). The high levels of DOC account for the acidity of the aquatic environment.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of humic acid on survival, ionoregulation and hematology of the silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), exposed to different pHs

Costa¹,

Gressler²,

Sutili³

et al. 2015

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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| Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia | www.sbzoologia.org.br | www.scielo.br/zool All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type BY-NC.Dissolved organic matter, an integral part of all ecosystems, results from the decay of plant and animal debris (THURMAN 1985). It comprises humic, fulvic, and other organic acids, and is usually quantified as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (WOOD et al. 2011). DOC is known to positively regulate several biotic/abiotic processes (STEINBERG et al. 2007, WOOD et al. 2011. In blackwaters, such as those found in forest streams in the Amazon, coastal lagoons in southeastern Brazil, Finnish and Swedish lakes, and Canadian wetlands, DOC may range from 10 to 300 mg CL -1 , while its average content in freshwater systems elsewhere is 0.5-4.0 mg CL -1 (THURMAN 1985, KÜCHLER et al. 2000, FARJALLA et al. 2009). The high levels of DOC account for the acidity of the aquatic environment. In order to thrive in acidic environments, organisms need a certain degree of specialization in their osmoregulatory organs (MATSUO & VAL 2007).Low pH (pH 4-5) induces ion loss (ZAIONS & BALDISSEROTTO 2000, 2003, BOLNER & BALDISSEROTTO 2007, MATSUO & VAL 2007, DUARTE et al. 2013) and the interference with gill ionoregulatory mechanisms may also trigger hematological disturbances. Ionic dilution, potentiated by the plasma acidosis prompted by H + entry, affects body fluid distribution. This could promote reduction in plasma volume, swelling of erythrocytes or splenic contraction, resulting in elevation of the hematocrit (MILLIGAN & WOOD 1982). Despite being highly responsible for the acidic nature of blackwaters, there is evidence that DOC protects native fish from the deleterious effects of low pH, reducing ion loss , 2003, MATSUO & VAL 2007. According to some studies, the occurrence of various charged functional groups in the heterogeneous compounds of DOC may change fundamental properties of the gill epithelium, such as the transepithelial potential, thus altering membrane permeability and stimulating ion uptake (WOOD et al. 2011). Humic acid also reduces respiratory stress in fish exposed to slightly acidic water, but increases it at more acidic waters (HOLLAND et al. 2014) and decreases lipid peroxidation and modulates the antioxidant system (RIFFEL et al. 2014). In opposition to the several findings regarding the effects of DOC on ionoregulatory disturbances, respiratory stress and antioxidant system, no evidence has been documented about its influence on the hematology of fish subjected to acidic pH. 4.2, erythrocytes of fish not exposed to HA were smaller, an effect that was partially offset by the presence of HA, since the values at pH 7.0 were higher. Although HA showed some positive effects changes in hematological and plasma K + ª in silver catfish caused by exposure to acidic pH, the overall findings suggest that HA does not protect this species against acidic pH because it increased mortality and Cl -loss at pH 4.0. Effect of humic acid on su...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of humic acid on survival, ionoregulation and hematology of the silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), exposed to different pHs

Costa¹,

Gressler²,

Sutili³

et al. 2015

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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“…To evaluate the effect of the combination pH + HA on growth, the pHs 5.5 and 6.5 (control) were combined with 0, 10, 25 and 50mg L -1 HA, in triplicate. These HA concentrations were chosen because they are within the range observed in the water of the Rio Negro Basin (KÜCHLER et al, 2000). The pH 5.5 decreases growth (COPATTI et al, 2011b) and pH 6.5 is within the optimum range (COPATTI et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of silver catfish ( Rhamdia quelen ) exposed to acidic pH at different humic acid levels

et al. 2016

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“…The Negro River is called "black water river", with much lower ion concentrations (5-20 fold lower than white water), pH of 5.0-6.0 and greater amounts of dissolved organic matter (Aucour et al, 2003;Mortatti & Probst, 2003). In small streams or flooded forests of the Negro River basin the high concentrations of humic and fulvic acids formed in the soil through the decomposition of organic matter can reduce water pH down to 3.0-4.0 (Küchler et al, 2000;Matsuo & Val 2003). Clear water is found in few rivers like the Tapajós River and has two fold higher Ca 2+ concentrations than black waters and neutral pH (Konhauser et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium fluxes in Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposed to different types of Amazonian waters

et al. 2009

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Fishes that live in the Amazonian environment may be exposed to several kinds of waters: ''black waters'', containing high dissolved organic carbon and acidic pH, ''white waters'', with ten fold higher Ca 2+ concentrations than black waters and neutral pH, and ''clear waters'', with two fold higher Ca 2+ concentrations than black waters and also neutral pH. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze Ca 2+ fluxes in the facultative air-breather Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposed to different Amazonian waters. Fishes were acclimated in well water (similar to clear water) and later placed in individual chambers for Ca 2+ fluxes measurements. After 4 h, water from the chambers was replaced by a different type of water. Transfer of tamoatás to ion-poor black or acidic black water resulted in net Ca 2+ loss only in the first 2 h of experiment. However, transfer from black or acidic black water to white water led to only net Ca 2+ influxes. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that transfer of tamoatás to ion-poor waters (black and acidic black water) led to transient net Ca 2+ loss, while the amount of Ca 2+ in the ion-rich white water seems adequate to prevent Ca 2+ loss after transfer. Therefore, transfer of tamoatás between these Amazonian waters does not seem to result in serious Ca 2+ disturbance.Os peixes que vivem na Amazônia são expostos a vários tipos de água: águas pretas, contendo grande quantidade de carbono orgânico dissolvido, águas brancas, com concentração de Ca 2+ dez vezes maior que as águas pretas e pH neutro, e águas claras, com concentração de Ca 2+ duas vezes maior que as águas pretas e pH também neutro. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o fluxo de Ca 2+ no peixe de respiração aérea facultativa Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposto a diferentes tipos de águas amazônicas. Os peixes foram aclimatados em água de poço artesiano (semelhante à água clara) e depois colocados individualmente em câmaras para medir o fluxo de Ca 2+ . Após 4 h, a água das câmaras foi trocada por um tipo diferente de água. A transferência do tamoatá das águas pobres em íons água preta e preta ácida ou da água branca, rica em íons, para as águas preta e preta ácida, pobres em íons, resulta em uma perda de Ca 2+ apenas nas duas primeiras horas de experimento. Entretanto, a transferência da água preta e preta ácida, para a água branca resulta em um influxo de Ca 2+ . Os resultados obtidos nos permitem concluir que a transferência do tamoatá para as águas preta e preta ácida, pobres em íons, leva a uma temporária perda de Ca 2+ , e a quantidade de Ca 2+ na água branca, rica em íons, é adequada para prevenir sua perda após a transferência. Sendo assim, a transferência do tamoatá entre as águas estudadas não resulta em sérios distúrbios no Ca 2+ .

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A contribution to the chemical characterization of rivers in the Rio Negro Basin, Brazil

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of humic acid on survival, ionoregulation and hematology of the silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), exposed to different pHs

Effect of humic acid on survival, ionoregulation and hematology of the silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), exposed to different pHs

Growth of silver catfish ( Rhamdia quelen ) exposed to acidic pH at different humic acid levels

Calcium fluxes in Hoplosternum littorale (tamoatá) exposed to different types of Amazonian waters

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