A copmarative review of electronic prescription systems: Lessons learned from developed countries

Abstract

This review study aimed to compare the electronic prescription systems in five selected countries (Denmark, Finland, Sweden, England, and the United States). Compared developed countries were selected by the identified selection process from the countries that have electronic prescription systems. Required data were collected by searching the valid databases, most widely used search engines, and visiting websites related to the national electronic prescription system of each country and also sending E-mails to the related organizations using specifically designed data collection forms. The findings showed that the electronic prescription system was used at the national, state, local, and area levels in the studied countries and covered the whole prescription process or part of it. There were capabilities of creating electronic prescription, decision support, electronically transmitting prescriptions from prescriber systems to the pharmacies, retrieving the electronic prescription at the pharmacy, electronic refilling prescriptions in all studied countries. The patient, prescriber, and dispenser were main human actors, as well as the prescribing and dispensing providers were main system actors of the Electronic Prescription Service. The selected countries have accurate, regular, and systematic plans to use electronic prescription system, and health ministry of these countries was responsible for coordinating and leading the electronic health. It is suggested to use experiences and programs of the leading countries to design and develop the electronic prescription systems.

Physicians’ Perceptions of Electronic Prescribing with Electronic Medical Records in Kuwaiti Primary Healthcare Centres

“…The EMR e-prescribing system allows me to create new prescriptions 48 (16) 45 (15) 213 70The EMR e-prescribing system allows me to detect prescribing errors 74 (24) 77 (25) 155 51The EMR e-prescribing system allows me to receive medication interaction alerts 162 (53) 44 (14) 100 33The EMR e-prescribing system allows me to receive medication allergy alerts 41 (13) 34 (11) 231 (75)…”

“…[8][9][10] The successful adoption of e-prescribing systems has been reported in many regions worldwide, including the USA, UK, European Union and Canada. 10,11 The main barriers to implementation include cost, time, lack of efficiency, negative perceptions of technology and its impact on care, lack of prior experience with computers, low computer literacy, limitations in interoperability, difficulty of data entry/ correction and the ability of the system to complete desired tasks. [11][12][13][14][15] Furthermore, there may be concerns regarding differences in healthcare policies and the enforcement of local privacy and data protection laws.…”

“…10,11 The main barriers to implementation include cost, time, lack of efficiency, negative perceptions of technology and its impact on care, lack of prior experience with computers, low computer literacy, limitations in interoperability, difficulty of data entry/ correction and the ability of the system to complete desired tasks. [11][12][13][14][15] Furthermore, there may be concerns regarding differences in healthcare policies and the enforcement of local privacy and data protection laws. 16 According to Sicotte et al, preferred style of information acquisition, successful integration of e-prescribing into day-to-day practice and previous computer experience all contribute to a better understanding of technology and can positively influence the usage and adoption of e-prescribing systems.…”

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“…3. The result of this research suggest that involving real users in the service or system design from the initial stages and throughout the development life cycle could help enhance usability and user experiences, or at least flag up cases in which national policy will be detrimental to local activities From another study in Iran, Ahmadi, Samadbeik, & Sadoughi (2014) shows that the results of the process documentation were analyzed using a conceptual model of workflow elements and the technique of modeling "As-Is" business processes. Analysis of the current (as-is) prescribing process demonstrated that Iran stood at the first levels of sophistication in graduated levels of electronic prescribing, namely electronic prescription reference, and that there were problematic areas including bottlenecks, redundant and duplicated work, concentration of decision nodes, and communicative weaknesses among stakeholders of the process.…”

Erratum: A copmarative review of electronic prescription systems: Lessons learned from developed countries

“…6 of Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice,[1] the spelling of the word “Comparative” is written incorrectly in the article title as “Copmarative”. The correct article title should appear as “A Comparative Review of Electronic Prescription Systems: Lessons Learned from Developed Countries”.…”