A cost-effectiveness analysis of antenatal influenza vaccination among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women in South Africa

Biggerstaff, Matthew; Cohen, Cheryl; Reed, Carrie; Tempia, Stefano; McMorrow, Meredith; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Cohen, Adam L.; Hutchinson, Paul; Stoecker, Charles; Steinberg, J.S.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.059

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, maternal influenza vaccination decreased all-cause ALRI hospitalisations in infants during the first 3 months of life [34] . A study on maternal influenza vaccination among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women in South Africa showed that antenatal influenza vaccination campaigns in South Africa would be cost-effective [35] . However, we showed that the impact on paediatric influenza-related death may be limited since more than 80% of global paediatric influenza-related in-hospital deaths occurred after the first 3 months of life, which is beyond the timeframe in which maternally-derived anti-influenza antibodies are expected to have protective effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated impact of maternal vaccination on global paediatric influenza-related in-hospital mortality: A retrospective case series

et al. 2021

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Background: Influenza virus infection is an important cause of under-five mortality. Maternal vaccination protects children younger than 3 months of age from influenza infection. However, it is unknown to what extent paediatric influenza-related mortality may be prevented by a maternal vaccine since global age-stratified mortality data are lacking. Methods: We invited clinicians and researchers to share clinical and demographic characteristics from children younger than 5 years who died with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection between January 1, 1995 and March 31, 2020. We evaluated the potential impact of maternal vaccination by estimating the number of children younger than 3 months with in-hospital influenza-related death using published global mortality estimates. Findings: We included 314 children from 31 countries. Comorbidities were present in 166 (53%) children and 41 (13%) children were born prematurely. Median age at death was 8¢6 (IQR 4¢5À16¢6), 11¢5 (IQR 4¢3À24¢0), and 15¢5 (IQR 7¢4À27¢0) months for children from low-and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), uppermiddle-income countries (UMICs), and high-income countries (HICs), respectively. The proportion of children younger than 3 months at time of death was 17% in LMICs, 12% in UMICs, and 7% in HICs. We estimated that 3339 annual influenza-related in-hospital deaths occur in the first 3 months of life globally. Interpretation: In our study, less than 20% of children is younger than 3 months at time of influenza-related death. Although maternal influenza vaccination may impact maternal and infant influenza disease burden, additional immunisation strategies are needed to prevent global influenza-related childhood mortality. The missing data, global coverage, and data quality in this study should be taken into consideration for further interpretation of the results. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated impact of maternal vaccination on global paediatric influenza-related in-hospital mortality: A retrospective case series

et al. 2021

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“…Various studies have shown that pregnant women are at an increased risk of severe disease and death from seasonal influenza than nonpregnant women. 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 This outcome was echoed more than a decade ago during the H1N1 influenza pandemic; approximately 7.2% of pregnant women were likely to be admitted to hospital compared to nonpregnant women and were found to have a disproportionally high risk of mortality. 7 Recently, Dawood et al reported that seasonal influenza during pregnancy resulted in miscarriages and low birth weight babies.…”

Section: Routinely Recommended Vaccines In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 15 However, receiving the vaccination during the third trimester is more beneficial to the foetus, because more antibodies are vertically transmitted through the placenta, thus increasing protection for the baby after birth for up to six months. 16 , 17 , 18 In addition, breast-feeding facilitates the passage of antibodies to the infant. 9 , 16 , 17 , 18 There is, however, a lack of robust data and the potential use of a second dose of the influenza vaccine during pregnancy needs investigation.…”

Section: Routinely Recommended Vaccines In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal vaccination: A narrative review

Ashkir

Khaliq

Hunter

et al. 2022

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background: Vaccinations in general are considered to be one of the greatest achievements in medicine, saving millions of lives globally.Aim: This narrative review highlights issues related to vaccination in pregnancy and provides information on those vaccines registered for use in pregnancy.Method: Published articles on vaccinations in pregnancy are included in this review. The search engines used included PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.Results: Vaccinations during pregnancy are more likely to be administered in high income countries (HICs) compared to low-income countries (LICs) due to easier access to healthcare services and better communicable disease awareness. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates associated with infectious diseases are higher in LICs with access to maternal care services, infrastructure and hospital equipment lacking in these settings.Conclusion: Suitable vaccinations are recommended for use in pregnancy to prevent harm to women, their foetuses and newborns from some communicable diseases, and they have resulted in declines in maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, this review has shown that vaccination during pregnancy is not only safe for both the woman and her foetus but also effective. Therefore, health professionals and national governments should strongly consider approved vaccinations prior to or during pregnancy.Contribution: This review provides insight on the necessity of vaccination during pregnancy. In addition, it urges health professionals to inform patients of the importance of regular antenatal visits, and to receive the required vaccinations for a better health outcome.

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“…3,4 Pregnant women and their infants are also at high risk of seasonal influenza. 5,6 There are 4 types of influenza viruses: types, A, B, C, and D, of which A, B, and C infect humans. 7,8 Type A is categorized into subtypes based on 2 surface antigens: hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Cold and Flu in the Autumn of 2020, Overlapped With COVID-19

Shahrajabian

Sun

Cheng

2020

Natural Product Communications

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Many herbs and plants included in several traditional systems have promising bioactive compounds for modern drug therapy. The second round of COVID-19 cases will be accompanied by the spread of seasonal influenza in the fall. The combination of the influenza season and the second wave of COVID-19 may lead to more confusion and put more pressure on public health systems. A literature survey was accomplished using multiple databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ISI web of knowledge, and Google Scholar. The most important antiviral herbs for cold and flu are Thymus vulgaris, honeysuckle flowers, Andrographis, yarrow, peppermint leaf and oil, and Calendula. The most important expectorant herbs for flu and cold are tulsi, snake root, licorice root, clove, slippery elm root, marshmallow osha root, and sage leaf. Immunostimulant herbs for these 2 diseases are Echinacea root, Eucalyptus, garlic, ginseng, marshmallow, slippery elm, Isatisroot, Usnea lichen, myrrh resin, and ginger root. In this mini-review, we mention the key role of some of the most important herbal plants and prescriptions against influenza and cold on the basis of traditional Asian medicine.

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A cost-effectiveness analysis of antenatal influenza vaccination among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women in South Africa

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Estimated impact of maternal vaccination on global paediatric influenza-related in-hospital mortality: A retrospective case series

Estimated impact of maternal vaccination on global paediatric influenza-related in-hospital mortality: A retrospective case series

Maternal vaccination: A narrative review

Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Cold and Flu in the Autumn of 2020, Overlapped With COVID-19

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