A Critical Assessment of Exposures Integration in Exposome Research

Giroux, Élodie

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28432-8_6

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In addition, whereas exposomics create interesting opportunities to recognize the impact of environment on health, the main focus remains on the biological component of embodiment (Krieger, 1999), rather than the social. Giroux shows how, in fact, exposomics renews the historical tension between molecular and social epidemiology (Giroux, 2023), focusing, respectively, on how the internal environment of individual bodies react to exposures (Rappaport, 2011), and on the external environment's biomarkers of health, for example the allostatic load 1 -a biomarker of chronic stress exposure (Serviant-Fine et al, 2023)and their role in chronic conditions' causal pathways, or, in other words, on "the biology of inequalities in health" (Senier et al, 2017;Vineis et al, 2020). In addition, Louvel and Soulier's (2022) review of literature on the social production of inequalities, using the concepts of "biological embedding" and "embodiment of social experiences, " shows the important different meanings of the "social" in both approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Health and Precision Medicine in Practice

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Health and Precision Medicine in Practice

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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“…Common to all these definitions is the point that reductionism is an operation consisting of translating a whole, an entity, an object, a phenomenon, into something that retains some of its initial characteristics, but also implies a loss of quality, a shrinking, as its negative connotation makes clear. In the context of the exposome, it refers to the reduction of social conditions determining health to differences observed at the molecular level, and to the individualist and causalist explanatory framework of disease origins (Giroux, 2023). Reductionism is inherent to scientific practice.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, whereas exposomics create interesting opportunities to recognize the impact of environment on health, the main focus remains on the biological component of embodiment (Krieger, 1999), rather than the social. Giroux shows how, in fact, exposomics renews the historical tension between molecular and social epidemiology (Giroux, 2023), focusing, respectively, on how the internal environment of individual bodies react to exposures (Rappaport, 2011), and on the external environment's biomarkers of health, for example the allostatic load 1 -a biomarker of chronic stress exposure (Serviant-Fine et al, 2023) and their role in chronic conditions' causal pathways, or, in other words, on "the biology of inequalities in health" (Senier et al, 2017;Vineis et al, 2020). In addition, Louvel and Soulier's (2022) review of literature on the social production of inequalities, using the concepts of "biological embedding" and "embodiment of social experiences, " shows the important different meanings of the "social" in both approaches.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precision public health in the making: examining the becoming of the “social” in a Swiss environmental health population-based cohort

Bühler

2023

Front. Sociol.

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Expanding the concept of “precision” or “personalized” medicine, personalized health and precision public health designate the use of various kinds of data—genomic, other omics, clinical, or those produced by individuals themselves through self-tracking—to optimize health interventions benefiting the whole population. This paper draws on an ethnography of the implementation of a population-based environmental health cohort to shed light on the reconfigurations brought about by the “personalization” of public health in Switzerland. Combining human biomonitoring and molecular epidemiology, this cohort aims to advance the science of the exposome, a notion referring to the totality of exposures to which individuals are subjected over their lifecourse. Addressing the tension between holism and reductionism, this paper points to the important gap between the promissory horizon of the exposome and the realities of practices. Situations of reductionism are defined as moments of friction and negotiation between different rationales and values, exposing what makes the science of the exposome, including its material, economic, institutional, and methodological constraints, as well as its imaginaries and values. Rather than opposing holism and reductionism, I emphasize that they constitute two sides of the same coin, as they both pragmatically enable action and produce situated versions of the social. This empirical case shows how reductionism operates at the chemical, biological, and populational levels to produce public health scientific and social values. It thus contributes to contextualizing the pragmatic and strategic choices made by scientists, as well as the values they favor, in a research environment marked by the predominance of biomedicine over public health. It shows how the reductionism of the “social environment” was made for a better social integration of the cohort into the Swiss political and scientific landscape of public health. Bringing together actors involved in public health and questions of environmental exposures, this cohort can be interpreted as a biomedicalization of public health research, as well as an attempt to socialize it through the broad category of the exposome.

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Environmental Health (The Exposome)

Giroux

2024

Handbook of the Philosophy of Medicine

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A Critical Assessment of Exposures Integration in Exposome Research

Cited by 6 publications

References 84 publications

Personalized Health and Precision Medicine in Practice

Personalized Health and Precision Medicine in Practice

Precision public health in the making: examining the becoming of the “social” in a Swiss environmental health population-based cohort

Environmental Health (The Exposome)

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