A critical literature review of bioretention research for stormwater management in cold climate and future research recommendations

Kratky, Hannah; Li, Zhan; Chen, Yijun; Wang, Chengjin; Li, Xiangfei; Yu, Ting

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0982-y

Cited by 93 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Laboratory experiments tend to use multiple soil layers and materials [14,32] and often lack vegetation, while field experiments are based on simplified construction layers with vegetation, but layers in general and in cold climates. Construction details for cold climate focus on limitations of nutrient removal [23], dimensioning [24], material specifications [12,25,26], and the functioning of coarse [12,24,26,27] and fine grained growing media [28,29]. The aim of this summary was to provide the necessary knowledge for practical implementation, and to stress the balance between water, soil, and vegetation.…”

Section: Construction Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Bioretention Construction Details to Local Practices in Finland

Tahvonen

2018

Sustainability

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Bioretention is a method of storm water management that includes several processes following the natural hydrological cycle. Bioretention, or variations of it, include rain gardens and bioswales, infiltrates, filtrates, evapotranspirates, and help to store and manage storm water run-off. A bioretention cell retains water, removes pollutants, and provides water elements for urban green areas. Although bioretention is a promising method for multifunctional storm water management, its construction details should not be copied from other climatic areas. A direct application may dismiss local conditions, materials, and construction practices. This study aimed to adapt construction details for bioretention to Finnish local practices and conditions and to formulate bioretention constructions that balance water, soil, and vegetation. First, construction details were reviewed, then local adaptations were applied, and finally, the application and two variations of growing media in two construction depths were tested in a test field in Southern Finland. Sandy growing media allowed the efficient retention of water during the first year, but failed to provide vital growth. The use of topsoil and compost in the growing media improved growth, but held high electrical conductivity after infiltration. All the experimental cells in the test field showed activity during the melting periods, both during winter and spring. If bioretention plays a multifunctional role in urban design and engineered ecology, the design parameters should not only focus on storm water quantity, but also on quality management and vegetation growth.

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Section: Construction Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Bioretention Construction Details to Local Practices in Finland

Tahvonen

2018

Sustainability

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“…In addition, to date, little information on the impact of the depth of SZ on contaminant removal in BCs is available. Also, there is relatively limited data available on water quality improvement (e.g., as a function of hydraulic residence time (HRT) and detailed pollutant fate in retrofited BCs with the saturated zone) [35,36].Actually, BCs have been adopted by many urban catchments worldwide to reduce storm flows and improve runoff quality [37,38]. In recent years, integrating the LID practices with the urban catchment for the sustainability of urban hydrology under the Sponge City Programme has been strongly implemented in China [39].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Actually, BCs have been adopted by many urban catchments worldwide to reduce storm flows and improve runoff quality [37,38]. In recent years, integrating the LID practices with the urban catchment for the sustainability of urban hydrology under the Sponge City Programme has been strongly implemented in China [39].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of a Submerged Zone and Carbon Source on Nutrient and Metal Removal for Stormwater by Bioretention Cells

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Water

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A bioretention system is a low-impact and sustainable treatment facility for treating urban stormwater runoff. To meet or maintain a consistently satisfactory performance, especially in terms of increasing nitrogen removal efficiency, the introduction of a submerged (anoxic) zone (SZ) combined with a module-based carbon source (C) has been recommended. This study investigated the removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and heavy metals with a retrofitted bioretention system. A significant (p < 0.05) removal enhancement of N as well as total phosphorus (TP) was observed, in the mesocosms with additions of exogenous carbon as opposed to those without such condition. However, even in the mesocosm with SZ alone (without exogenous C), TP removal showed significant enhancement. With regard to the effects of SZ depth on nutrient removal, the results showed that the removal of both N and P in module with a shallow SZ (200 mm) showed significant enhancement compared to that in module with a deep SZ (300 mm). Removal efficiencies greater than 93% were observed for all three heavy metals tested (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in all mesocosms, even in the bioretention module without an SZ or plants, and it indicated that adsorption by the filtration media itself is probably the most important removal mechanism. Only Cu (but not Pb or Zn) showed significantly enhanced removal in module with an SZ as compared to those without an SZ. Carbon source played a minor role in metal removal as no significant (p > 0.05) improvement was observed in module with C as compared to that without C. Based on these results, the incorporation of SZ with C in stormwater biofilters is recommended.of water irreversibly degraded [3,4]. Bioretention cells (BCs) integrated runoff retention areas, is a critical component of Low Impact Development (LID) practices receiving high attention as "green storm infrastructure" to manage storm runoff in a decentralized and source management approach [5,6]. BCs have gained popularity because of its design flexibility in terms of size and location, appealing landscape aesthetics, and hydrological performance for reduction of pollutants [7,8]. Previous studies have demonstrated that BCs implemented in relatively small catchments effectively improve both water quantity and quality in response to frequent storm events [9][10][11].In the vegetated filter media, pollutants from storm runoff can be removed through a variety of mechanisms, including physical, chemical and biological processes [12][13][14], and its quality is further enhanced by plant uptake and biological activities in the rhizosphere [15,16]. In recent years, research has shown that BCs can effectively improve water quantity and remove suspended solids [17,18], nutrients [19][20][21], and heavy metals [22,23]. However, it is difficult to meet or maintain a consistently satisfactory performance for reducing nitrogen due to a lack of effective denitrification [24,25].Since it is difficult to achieve consistent high nitrogen removal in standard stormwater bioretention s...

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“…Compliance with the Treatment Train Approach is now an integral part of current development approval process in many jurisdictions including Toronto. The deployment of LID practices as a part of landscape architecture are now common in urban developments (Kratky et al 2017;TRCA and CVC 2010).…”

Section: Figure 2 Mimico Creek During Dry Weather (Left) and After Light Rain (Right)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Soil Cell

Chen¹

2021

Preprint

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Soil Cell is a novel Low-Impact Development practice that is suitable for densely developed urban environment. This thesis seeks to gain further understanding of soil cell’s performance in terms of water quality and quality control; and to assess the exfiltration performance of perforated pipe in soil cells by monitoring an active cell. The monitoring result showed that the cell was very effective in treating particulate (90% concentration reduction), metal (91% lead concentration reduction to 53% copper concentration reduction) and phosphorus (74% concentration reduction). The cell was ineffective in treating chloride (1% concentration increase, no statistical significance) and even caused nitrate leaching (65% concentration increase). Field performance of the soil cell indicated that the inflow perforated backed up frequently, restricting the flow into the cell but laboratory testing of the perforated pipes’ hydraulic performance confirms that the pipe has a sufficient capacity to convey the flows of up to 10 L/s.

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A critical literature review of bioretention research for stormwater management in cold climate and future research recommendations

Cited by 93 publications

References 101 publications

Adapting Bioretention Construction Details to Local Practices in Finland

Adapting Bioretention Construction Details to Local Practices in Finland

Effect of a Submerged Zone and Carbon Source on Nutrient and Metal Removal for Stormwater by Bioretention Cells

Performance Evaluation of Soil Cell

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