A critical review over the electrochemical disinfection of bacteria in synthetic and real wastewaters using a boron-doped diamond anode

Martínez‐Huitle, Carlos A.; Brillas, Enric

doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2021.100926

Cited by 89 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…compared with other electrodes reported in literature [37,38]. Meanwhile, polluted river water sample presented a well-defined peak at about +1.6 V before the o.e.r and it moderately extends to +1.9 V where the production of free heterogeneous • OH radicals [33] and other oxidants [11] is feasible. This result clearly indicated that direct and indirect oxidations can be attained, allowing a quick elimination of HCQ from real polluted water matrix [39].…”

Section: Bdd + H 2 O → Bdd( • Oh) + H+ + Ementioning

confidence: 64%

“…This behavior can be attributed to the increase on the production of the oxidants that are typically • OH radicals (5), SO4 −• (6) and S2O8 2− (7,8) [33,34], promoting a quick oxidation of HCQ in the polluted river water matrix. BDD electrode is considered a non-active anode material that can produce efficiently free heterogeneous • OH radicals at its surface [33] as well as other oxidants [11], which contribute to quickly mineralizing/degrading organics in synthetic and real water matrices [35,36]. BDD + H2O → BDD( • OH) + H+ + e (5)…”

Section: Degradation Of Hcq By Bdd-electrolysis In Real Water Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…k represents the apparent rate constant for the decay reaction. Under an excess of • OH concentration in solution, Equation (11) was rewritten as (10),…”

Section: Bdd + H 2 O → Bdd( • Oh) + H+ + Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, these compounds reach the sewage system when discharged. At that point, some limitations are found in their elimination from water treatment plants which mostly rely on conventional treatment systems in industrialized countries, but it is different in developing nations since they are under different pressures where the pollutants are not efficiently treated or have limitations in the removal of these compounds, provoking environmental and health risks [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achieving Electrochemical-Sustainable-Based Solutions for Monitoring and Treating Hydroxychloroquine in Real Water Matrix

et al. 2022

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Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been extensively consumed due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, it is increasingly found in different water matrices. For this reason, the concentration of HCQ in water should be monitored and the treatment of contaminated water matrices with HCQ is a key issue to overcome immediately. Thus, in this study, the development of technologies and smart water solutions to reach the Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG6) is the main objective. To do that, the integration of electrochemical technologies for their environmental application on HCQ detection, quantification and degradation was performed. Firstly, an electrochemical cork-graphite sensor was prepared to identify/quantify HCQ in river water matrices by differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method. Subsequently, an HCQ-polluted river water sample was electrochemically treated with BDD electrode by applying 15, 30 and 45 mA cm−2. The HCQ decay and organic matter removal was monitored by DPV with composite sensor and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements, respectively. Results clearly confirmed that, on the one hand, the cork-graphite sensor exhibited good current response to quantify of HCQ in the river water matrix, with limit of detection and quantification of 1.46 mg L−1 (≈3.36 µM) and 4.42 mg L−1 (≈10.19 µM), respectively. On the other hand, the electrochemical oxidation (EO) efficiently removed HCQ from real river water sample using BDD electrodes. Complete HCQ removal was achieved at all applied current densities; whereas in terms of COD, significant removals (68%, 71% and 84% at 15, 30 and 45 mA cm−2, respectively) were achieved. Based on the achieved results, the offline integration of electrochemical SDG6 technologies in order to monitor and remove HCQ is an efficient and effective strategy.

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Section: Bdd + H 2 O → Bdd( • Oh) + H+ + Ementioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Degradation Of Hcq By Bdd-electrolysis In Real Water Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…k represents the apparent rate constant for the decay reaction. Under an excess of • OH concentration in solution, Equation (11) was rewritten as (10),…”

Section: Bdd + H 2 O → Bdd( • Oh) + H+ + Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achieving Electrochemical-Sustainable-Based Solutions for Monitoring and Treating Hydroxychloroquine in Real Water Matrix

et al. 2022

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“…These microorganisms can be eliminated under milder conditions than PhCs by chlorination, ultraviolet, ozone, Fenton process, photocatalysis, etc. [27][28][29], or by in situ generation of oxidizing species (advanced electrochemical oxidation processes) [30][31][32].…”

Section: Technologies For the Removal Of Pharmaceuticals In Hospital Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Technologies to Decrease the Chemical Risk of Hospital Wastewater and Urine

et al. 2021

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The inefficiency of conventional biological processes to remove pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) in wastewater is leading to their accumulation in aquatic environments. These compounds are characterized by high toxicity, high antibiotic activity and low biodegradability, and their presence is causing serious environmental risks. Because much of the PhCs consumed by humans are excreted in the urine, hospital effluents have been considered one of the main routes of entry of PhCs into the environment. In this work, a critical review of the technologies employed for the removal of PhCs in hospital wastewater was carried out. This review provides an overview of the current state of the developed technologies for decreasing the chemical risks associated with the presence of PhCs in hospital wastewater or urine in the last years, including conventional treatments (filtration, adsorption, or biological processes), advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs).

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Groundwater treatment and disinfection by electrochemical advanced oxidation process: Influence of the supporting electrolyte and the nature of the contaminant

2023

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The United Nations (UN) has considered water a human right since 1977. However, freshwater available for consumption represents less than 1% of all water on Earth. Groundwater represents one of the largest reserves of drinking water and is susceptible to chemical contamination, especially from pollutants that seep into the soil, such as atrazine, bisphenol A, and tetracycline. These substances, along with Escherichia coli, were selected to simulate contamination in groundwater samples and evaluate the efficiency of electrochemical oxidation using boron‐doped diamond anodes and four different anion salts to analyze their impact on the treatment process. After electrolysis, the degradation of tetracycline, bisphenol A and atrazine was found to increase with decreasing current density, with average values of 77%, 96% and 100% at 15 mA cm−2 and 68%, 83% and 99% at 35 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the mineralization of these substances showed the same behavior, decreasing from 67%, 64%, and 54% at 15 mA cm−2 to 52%, 35%, and 49% at 35 mA cm−2. The analysis of the results showed that the ions present in the solution significantly affect the degradation process and that they interact with the impurities used. For atrazine and tetracycline, the degradation efficiency followed the same pattern, < < < . However, in the case of bisphenol A and E. coli, phosphate showed better results, similar to nitrate. The high efficiency in eliminating bacteria, even at high concentrations, shows that the electrochemical treatment system has a strong bactericidal effect, eliminating bacterial colonies with up to 5 min of treatment.

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A critical review over the electrochemical disinfection of bacteria in synthetic and real wastewaters using a boron-doped diamond anode

Cited by 89 publications

References 111 publications

Achieving Electrochemical-Sustainable-Based Solutions for Monitoring and Treating Hydroxychloroquine in Real Water Matrix

Achieving Electrochemical-Sustainable-Based Solutions for Monitoring and Treating Hydroxychloroquine in Real Water Matrix

Electrochemical Technologies to Decrease the Chemical Risk of Hospital Wastewater and Urine

Groundwater treatment and disinfection by electrochemical advanced oxidation process: Influence of the supporting electrolyte and the nature of the contaminant

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