A Critical Study of Cu2O: Synthesis and Its Application in CO2 Reduction by Photochemical and Electrochemical Approaches

Abstract

Copper oxide (Cu2O) is a potential material as a catalyst for CO2 reduction. Cu2O nanostructures have many advantages, including interfacial charge separation and transportation, enhanced surface area, quantum efficiency, and feasibility of modification via composite development or integration of the favorable surface functional groups. We cover the current advancements in the synthesis of Cu2O nanomaterials in various morphological dimensions and their photochemical and electrochemical applications, which complies with the physical enrichment of their enhanced activity in every application they are employed in. The scope of fresh designs, namely composites or the hierarchy of copper oxide nanostructures, and various ways to improve CO2 reduction performance are also discussed in this review. Photochemical and electrochemical CO2 transformations have received tremendous attention in the last few years, thanks to the growing interest in renewable sources of energy and green facile chemistry. The current review provides an idea of current photochemical and electrochemical carbon dioxide fixing techniques by using Cu2O-based materials. Carboxylation and carboxylative cyclization, yield valuable chemicals such as carboxylic acids and heterocyclic compounds. Radical ions, which are induced by photo- and electrochemical reactions, as well as other high-energy organic molecules, are regarded as essential mid-products in photochemical and electrochemical reactions with CO2. It has also been claimed that CO2 can be activated to form radical anions.

Ti3C2‐modified g‐C3N4/MoSe2S‐Scheme Heterojunction with Full‐Spectrum Response for CO2Photoreduction to CO and CH4

“…The carbon source of the generated CO was verified by the 13 C labeling experiment. The primary signal at m/z = 28 is specified as 13 CO (Figure S5). These test results show that CO 2 is indeed the carbon source of CO in the photocatalytic reduction, which eliminates the possibility of CO formation on the surface of the photocatalyst in the system.…”

“…[3] Since the semiconductor catalysts were first reported in 1979, great progress has been made in the photoreduction of CO 2 . [4] TiO 2 , [5,6] CeO 2 , [7,8] BiOBr, [9,10] W 18 O 49 , [11,12] Cu 2 O, [13,14] ZnIn 2 S 4 , [15,16] Ag 3 PO 4 , [17,18] Ni 3 N, [19] Co 4 N, [20] Ni x Cu y , [21] TaON catalysts and their nanostructure components have been developed. Among all kinds of semiconductor photocatalysts, g-C 3 N 4 is a promising photocatalyst for CO 2 reduction with visible light response.…”

Exploring the Potential of Copper Palladium Nanocube Electrocatalysts for Enhancing the Overall Water Splitting Performance

“…Among different types of candidates, such as transition metals, MOFs, COFs, polymers, and so on, transition metals have been preferred due to their different crystal phases, active centers, and tunable morphologies. − In light of the above, copper has piqued our interest due to its viable oxidation states, reliable electron transmission, stability in the alkaline environment, ease in synthesis, and is highly abundant. In contrast to iron group metals, like Ni, Fe, and Co, Cu exhibits great electrical and thermal conductivity as well as a substantial resiliency to corrosion. − Moreover, Cu is added to increase the catalytic activity by transferring electrons from Cu to other noble metals by reducing the d-band center of noble metals and weakening the adsorption energy. , Recently, Chen et al quantitatively studied the MOF-wrapped palladium nanocubes through XANES and observed the charge transfer from the Pd 4d bands to the Cu 3d (4sp)–O 2p hybridization bands of HKUST-1 at the Pd/HKUST-1 interface. Yu et al synthesized Cu nanowires with NiFe-layered double hydroxide nanosheets and studies the overall water splitting.…”

Control of evolution of porous copper-based metal–organic materials for electroreduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products

“…Copperbased electrocatalysts can show excellent activity to convert CO 2 to C 2+ products via C-based radicals which can couple to afford C 2+ products. [5][6][7][8] Porous metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have emerged as efficient catalysts for CO 2 RR owing to the presence of atomically dispersed metal sites, and their porous structure allows adsorptive binding of CO 2 . [9][10][11][12] Several Cu(II)-based MOFs have been tested for electrochemical CO 2 RR, but they generally suffer from limited electrical conductivity and hydrolytic stability.…”