A Critique of KAP Studies and Some Suggestions for Their Improvement

Cleland, John

doi:10.2307/1964829

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The KAP study by definition examines the Knowledge, Attitude towards and Practices concerning antibiotic use in these two groups [20]. In addition, the study was controlled by demographic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and assessment of a questionnaire for a descriptive cross – sectional study concerning parents' knowledge, attitudes and practises in antibiotic use in Greece

et al. 2009

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BackgroundUpper Respiratory Infections (URIs) are common in children. The cause is usually viral, but parents' attitude often contributes to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, promoting antibiotic resistance. The objective is to describe the process of developing a questionnaire to assess parents' Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) concerning the role of antibiotics when children suffer from URIs, as well as to evaluate the response rates, the completeness and the reliability (Cronbach) of the questionnaires. Finally, to note any limitations of the study.MethodsLiterature review, along with pre – testing yielded a questionnaire designed to assess the parents' KAP – level. A postal survey was set, in a national sample of 200 schools stratified by geographical region. The participants consist of a multistage geographical cluster sample of 8000 parents. The influence of demographic characteristics (i.e. sex, age, education) was analyzed. Cronbach index test and factor analysis were used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire.ResultsThe response rate of the parents was 69%. Islands presented the lowest response rate while in Northern Greece the response rate was the highest. Sixty – eight point nine percent of the sample returned questionnaires fully completed, while 91.5% completed 95% of the questions. Three questions out of 70 were answered in a very low rate which was associated mostly with immigrant respondents. The section describing parents' attitude toward antibiotic use was not completed as much as the sections of knowledge or practices. The questions were factor analyzed and 10 out of the 21 extracted factors were finally evaluated, reducing the number of independent variables to 46. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.55. However, only items that increased the Cronbach when added were eventually included in the final scales raising the internal consistency to 0.68. Limitations of the study, such as the vocabulary and form of the questionnaire and the idiocycrancy of the respondents, emerged during the analysis.ConclusionThe response rate and the completeness of the questionnaires were higher than expected, probably attributed to the involvement of the teachers. The study findings were satisfactory regarding the development of a reliable instrument capable to measure parents' KAP characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and assessment of a questionnaire for a descriptive cross – sectional study concerning parents' knowledge, attitudes and practises in antibiotic use in Greece

et al. 2009

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“…KAP surveys may be subject to social desirability bias in participant responses. 18,19 In addition, the exact number of participants from the work by Oberhelman and others 10 was not identical to the present study. Our research team was not attempting to reproduce the previous study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Free-Ranging Chickens in Households in a Periurban Shantytown in Peru—Attitudes and Practices 10 Years after a Community-Based Intervention Project

Martínez¹,

Collazo²,

Cabrera³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Free-ranging chickens are often found in periurban communities in developing countries, and their feces can pose a significant public health sanitation problem. Corralling chickens raised in these periurban areas in chicken coops has been proposed previously as an intervention to address this problem. Aims of this study were to revisit households in a corralling intervention study conducted in 2000-2001 to compare poultry-raising practices and investigate current attitudes regarding the impact of raising chickens in a periurban environment. Sociobehavioral questionnaires were given sequentially to all study participants; 30 families (58%) ceased raising poultry of any kind, whereas 42 (81%) do not raise chickens in their home. This finding indicates a significant reduction in poultry-raising in our study population since 2000-2001, possibly because of acculturation and/or change in socioeconomic status. However, attitudes about corral use for raising poultry were overwhelmingly positive, and the most common reason cited was cleanliness of the home.

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“…The quasi-counterfactual nature of the IFS question has been criticized by scholars who worry that family size preferences are subject to poor reliability and construct validity (Bankole and Westoff 1998). The concept of “ideal family size” may also fail to capture the complex nature of family planning by relying too heavily on rational-choice models of fertility (Cleland 1973; Johnson-Hanks 2007). Although we control for language, cultural and ideational differences within our sample may influence how this question is interpreted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The demography of words: The global decline in non-numeric fertility preferences, 1993–2011

Frye

Bachan

2017

Population Studies

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This paper examines the decline in non-numeric responses to questions about fertility preferences among women in the developing world. These types of responses—such as “don’t know” or “it’s up to God”—have often been interpreted through the lens of fertility transition theory as an indication that reproduction has not yet entered women’s “calculus of conscious choice” (Coale 1973, p. 65), but have yet to be investigated cross-nationally and over time. Using 19 years of data from 32 countries, we find that non-numeric fertility preferences appear to decline most substantially in the early stages of a country’s fertility transition. Using country-specific and multilevel models, we explore the individual- and contextual-level characteristics that are associated with women’s likelihood of providing non-numeric responses to questions about their fertility preferences. Non-numeric fertility preferences are influenced by a host of social factors, with educational attainment and knowledge of contraception being the most robust and consistent predictors.

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A Critique of KAP Studies and Some Suggestions for Their Improvement

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Development and assessment of a questionnaire for a descriptive cross – sectional study concerning parents' knowledge, attitudes and practises in antibiotic use in Greece

Development and assessment of a questionnaire for a descriptive cross – sectional study concerning parents' knowledge, attitudes and practises in antibiotic use in Greece

Free-Ranging Chickens in Households in a Periurban Shantytown in Peru—Attitudes and Practices 10 Years after a Community-Based Intervention Project

The demography of words: The global decline in non-numeric fertility preferences, 1993–2011

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