A Cross-Polarization, Magic-Angle-Spinning,13C-Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance Study of Polysaccharides in Sugar Beet Cell Walls1

Renard, Catherine M.G.C.; Jarvis, Michael C.

doi:10.1104/pp.119.4.1315

Cited by 83 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…They are also enriched when elongation growth terminates [10,12]. Other than that, there is no clear indication of how the diversity and complexity of the pectic polymers are related to stress-bearing roles, and in particular, the mechanical role of the highly mobile pectic galactans and arabinans [11,46] is completely unknown.…”

Section: Cell Walls As Nanostructures: Functional Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pectin-rich cell walls, the most mobile elements are the galactan and arabinan sidechains of the rhamnogalacturonan I fraction, which behave essentially as tethered liquids [11,46].…”

Section: Nmr Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example of a spectrum from the most mobile parts of the beet cell wall, generated in this way by using MAS together with a proton decoupling method designed for molecules in solution [46], is shown in figure 8. The spectrum is derived entirely from the pectic arabinans, which must therefore be the most mobile or solutionlike components of the beet cell wall.…”

Section: Nmr Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macromolecular biophysics of the plant cell wall: Concepts and methodology

Jarvis

McCann

2000

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

106

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-Plant cell walls provide form and mechanical strength to the living plant, but the relationship between their complex architecture and their remarkable ability to withstand external stress is not well understood. Primary cell walls are adapted to withstand tensile stresses while secondary cell walls also need to withstand compressive stresses. Therefore, while primary cell walls can with advantage be flexible and elastic, secondary cell walls must be rigid to avoid buckling under compressive loads. In addition, primary cell walls must be capable of growth and are subjected to cell separation forces at the cell corners. To understand how these stresses are resisted by cell walls, it will be necessary to find out how the walls deform internally under load, and how rigid are specific constituents of each type of cell wall. The most promising spectroscopic techniques for this purpose are solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman microscopy. By NMR relaxation experiments, it is possible to probe thermal motion in each cell-wall component. Novel adaptations of FTIR and Raman spectroscopy promise to allow mechanical stress and strain upon specific polymers to be examined in situ within the cell wall. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS Cellulose / growth / mobility / pectin CP, cross-polarisation / FT, Fourier-transform / IR, infrared / MAS, magic-angle spinning / NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance / T 2 , spin-spin relaxation time constant

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Section: Cell Walls As Nanostructures: Functional Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pectin-rich cell walls, the most mobile elements are the galactan and arabinan sidechains of the rhamnogalacturonan I fraction, which behave essentially as tethered liquids [11,46].…”

Section: Nmr Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nmr Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macromolecular biophysics of the plant cell wall: Concepts and methodology

Jarvis

McCann

2000

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

106

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“…Neither model directly suggests roles for pectic side-chains, for example, arabinans, the polymer of interest to the present investigation. Arabinans are very flexible molecules in aqueous solution (Cros et al, 1994), whereas 13 C-NMR studies by Renard and Jarvis (1999) demonstrate that they are also very mobile molecules in muro. The authors concluded that arabinans are not structural components; rather, they propose a role for them as plasticizers and water binding agents in the wall.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Interference with Rhamnogalacturonan I Biosynthesis in Golgi Vesicles

Skjøt¹,

Pauly²,

Bush

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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Pectin is a class of complex cell wall polysaccharides with multiple roles during cell development. Assigning specific functions to particular polysaccharides is in its infancy, in part, because of the limited number of mutants and transformants available with modified pectic polymers in their walls. Pectins are also important polymers with diverse applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, which would benefit from technology for producing pectins with specific functional properties. In this report, we describe the generation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Posmo) tuber transformants producing pectic rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) with a low level of arabinosylation. This was achieved by the expression of a Golgi membrane-anchored endo-␣-1,5-arabinanase. Sugar composition analysis of RGI isolated from transformed and wild-type tubers showed that the arabinose content was decreased by approximately 70% in transformed cell walls compared with wild type. The modification of the RGI was confirmed by immunolabeling with an antibody recognizing ␣-1,5-arabinan. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that the biosynthesis of a plant cell wall polysaccharide has been manipulated through the action of a glycosyl hydrolase targeted to the Golgi compartment.

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“…The water binding properties of the galacturonic acid residues indicate that polymers containing these groups have the capacity to hydrate and swell and so possibly help maintain polymer separation in the wall. 5 The side chains of RGI include arabinan and galactan polymers which have been shown to be highly mobile 6,7,8 with the potential to interact with each other forming a temporally entangled matrix. 9 It is also believed that arabinan chains, which have been shown to contain ferulate residues attached to terminal arabinose groups, are able to oxidatively cross-link via the formation of diferulate bridges between arabinan chains that originate on separate RGI polysaccharides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%