A cross-sectional pilot study to determine the prevalence of testosterone deficiency syndrome in working population of Indian men

Abstract

Aim:To determine the prevalence of testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) in healthy Indian men employed in a hospital aged above 40 years.Materials and Methods:A general medical health check-up camp was organized for all male employees above 40 years age working in surgical departments. After clinical history and systemic inquiry, subjects were requested to fill the St. Louis University's ADAM Questionnaire based on which the total and free-serum testosterone estimation was then done.Results:One hundred fifty seven healthy volunteers enrolled for the study (mean age 53.1 years; range 40–60). The androgen decline in the aging male (ADAM) Questionnaire detected 106 men (67.5%) to be symptomatic for TDS. Serum testosterone estimation in these subjects revealed 41/106 to have low free-serum testosterone levels and 32/106 to have low total-serum testosterone. In 11 and 6 cases, respectively, the serum free- and total-testosterone levels were found to be low although the subjects were asymptomatic for TDS.Conclusions:The prevalence of symptomatic biochemical hypogonadism was 26.1%. The higher prevalence of symptoms alone of TDS was unusual. It could be because of the nature of the questionnaire. Free-serum testosterone may be a better single test to diagnose symptomatic hypogonadism than total-serum testosterone.

Association between serum total testosterone and Body Mass Index in middle aged healthy men

“…Previously Goel et al , found 24.2% frequency of low total testosterone in Indian healthy population aged 40 to 60 years. 16 The mean total testosterone in this study was 15.92 nmol/L which is consistent with mean testosterone of 14.6 nmol/L reported by Heald et al , for Pakistani men residing in England. 17 …”

Ethnic differences in serum testosterone concentration among Malay, Chinese and Indian men: A cross‐sectional study

“…As stated above, analyses of distributions and factors associated with testosterone concentrations were conducted in Europe and the United States with not much data available from the Asian region. 1,[6][7][8][9][10][11] The influence of ethnicity on testosterone concentrations is uncertain. Studies have been performed comparing testosterone concentration among Black, Hispanic, Asian and Caucasian men in United States 1,4,17,18 with some studies showing higher testosterone concentration among the Black population compared to other ethnic groups.…”

“…In this study, we analysed the difference in testosterone concentration among the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia. As stated above, analyses of distributions and factors associated with testosterone concentrations were conducted in Europe and the United States with not much data available from the Asian region 1,6–11 . The influence of ethnicity on testosterone concentrations is uncertain.…”

“…5 The reference range for testosterone may vary in men of different ethnicities, which would pose difficulties for diagnosis of androgen deficiency. 1,[6][7][8][9][10][11] Determination of testostorone concentration levels in different major ethnic groups in Malaysia has not been established even until today. 12 In this study we investigated the distribution of testosterone concentrations in Malay, Chinese and Indian men, and their association with age, symptoms suggestive of androgen deficiency and MetS.…”

“…Some symptoms of androgen deficiency are nonspecific and may be present even in men who are not androgen deficient, who have normal testosterone concentrations 5 . The reference range for testosterone may vary in men of different ethnicities, which would pose difficulties for diagnosis of androgen deficiency 1,6–11 …”